Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42109944›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Severe Craniofacial Trauma With Bilateral Epidural Hematomas and Complex Skull Base and Midface Fractures Managed With Early Multidisciplinary Damage Control Surgery and Immediate Osteosynthesis: A Case Report.

Luis Alejandro Palacios Sánchez, Israel Raúl Hernández Galicia, Karla Fernanda Rosas Rosales, Natalia Jaqueline Barrera Pérez, María Del Carmen Hernández Quesada

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Luis Alejandro Palacios SánchezNeurological Surgery/Spine Surgery, Hospital General Regional No. 2 "Dr. Guillermo Fajardo Ortiz", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, MEX.
Israel Raúl Hernández GaliciaOral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Regional No. 2 "Dr. Guillermo Fajardo Ortiz", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, MEX.
Karla Fernanda Rosas RosalesOral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Regional No. 2 "Dr. Guillermo Fajardo Ortiz", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, MEX.
Natalia Jaqueline Barrera PérezMedical Education, Hospital General Regional No. 2 "Dr. Guillermo Fajardo Ortiz", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, MEX.
María Del Carmen Hernández QuesadaMedical Education, Hospital General Regional No. 2 "Dr. Guillermo Fajardo Ortiz", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, MEX.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) associated with complex craniofacial fractures represents a life-threatening condition, requiring prompt, multidisciplinary management. Early intervention and timely access to surgical resources are critical factors influencing outcomes. A 23-year-old male sustained a high-energy motorcycle accident without helmet use. On admission, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was 13, followed by neurological deterioration. Cranial computed tomography (CT) demonstrated bilateral epidural hematomas, subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and extensive craniofacial fractures, including Le Fort II and naso-orbito-ethmoidal (NOE) type III fractures, with skull base involvement. The patient underwent emergent, combined neurosurgical and maxillofacial damage control surgery, followed by early definitive reconstruction using osteosynthesis systems available in an emergency setting. Favorable clinical evolution was observed, achieving a GCS score of 15 at discharge without neurological deficits. Early (<24 hours) multidisciplinary damage control surgery, combined with immediate availability of osteosynthesis materials, may significantly improve neurological and functional outcomes in patients with severe craniofacial trauma.

Indexed as

craniocerebral traumadamage control surgeryepidural hematomafacial fracturesinternal fixationle fort fracturesmaxillofacial surgerynaso-orbito-ethmoid fracturestraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID42109944
PMCPMC13155737

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.