ArticleEnvironmental health and preventive medicine2026
Gender disparities in the association between marital status and intention to leave research careers among medical researchers.
Article in Environmental health and preventive medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGender disparities in the intention to leave research careers after marriage have not been investigated. This study aimed to clarify the gender-specific associations of marital status and nurturing children with the intention to leave research careers among medical researchers.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023. The study was based on a web-based survey targeting medical researchers affiliated with 141 Japanese academic societies. Participants who disagreed with continuing their research careers were classified as intending to leave. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the gender-specific association of marital status and having children with the intention to leave research careers.
resultsAmong 3,009 participants, 812 (27.0%) were women, and 342 (11.4%) expressed an intention to leave. A total of 2,481 participants (82.5%) were married, and 2,267 (75.3%) had children. Marital status was associated with intention to leave research careers in opposite directions for men and women, with significant interactions on both multiplicative (P = 0.015) and additive (P = 0.001) scales. Specifically, married men had a significantly lower intention to leave compared with unmarried men (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40-0.97). In contrast, among women, marriage was associated with a higher intention to leave compared with being unmarried (aOR 1.41, 95% CI: 0.86-2.32), although this increase was not significant. In post hoc subgroup analyses by medical license status, the gender-specific association between marital status and intention to leave research careers was more evident among medical doctors (MDs) than non-MDs, among whom the proportion reporting intention to leave was lower (4% to 6% across groups). However, estimates among non-MD researchers were imprecise due to the small number of events. Similar gender disparities were observed for having children, although the interaction did not reach statistical significance (P for additive interaction = 0.083).
conclusionsThe present results suggest that marital status showed opposite associations with intention to leave research careers between men and women, a pattern primarily observed among MD researchers. Our finding highlights the need to consider gender difference when developing strategies to support retention of medical researchers.
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