ArticleBMC medical imaging2026
Multiparametric MRI quantitative metrics for grading and staging graves' ophthalmopathy.
Article in BMC medical imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo explore the application of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with clinical parameters in the assessment of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO).
methodsThis retrospective study included 71 patients with GO (142 affected eyes) categorized into inactive (75) vs. active (67) and mild (70) vs. moderate-severe (72) subgroups. Clinical parameters were collected, and extraocular muscle (EOM) parameters [signal intensity ratio (SIR), T1 relaxation times (T1RT), T2 relaxation times (T2RT), and fat fraction (FF)] were measured (max/mean values). Predicted probabilities were derived from the generalized linear mixed model. Multivariate Logistic regression (based on the Akaike Information Criterion) was used to develop combined diagnostic models, and the marginal area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was employed to assess their efficacy.
resultsCompared with the inactive and mild groups, the active and moderate-severe GO eyes showed higher mean EOM-SIR, mean EOM-T1RT, and mean/max EOM-T2RT, as well as lower mean/max EOM-FF and female proportion (all P < 0.05). The active group had a shorter disease duration, whereas the moderate-severe group had higher thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) levels (P < 0.05). For differentiating GO activity and severity, the combined staging Model 3 (EOM-FFmax + EOM-T1RTmean + EOM-T2RTmean + sex + thyroid functional status) and grading Model 6 (EOM-FFmax + EOM-T1RTmean + EOM-T2RTmean + sex + TRAb + thyroid functional status) yielded the best diagnostic efficacy, with AUCs of 0.912 and 0.947, respectively.
conclusionThe combined model of quantitative multiparametric MRI and clinical parameters enables a more accurate assessment of GO activity and severity.
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