ArticleMolecular biomedicine2026
Molecular characteristics, clonal relatedness and surgical outcomes of pulmonary mixed invasive mucinous and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Molecular biomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Mixed invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (mixed IMA/NMA) is a rare subtype of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with limited available data. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the characteristics of this rare entity. A total of 738 surgical cases were enrolled, including 349 pure invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA), 61 mixed IMA/NMA and 328 pure non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA) cases. Using amplification refractory mutation system, immunohistochemistry, and DNA-/RNA-based next-generation sequencing (DNA and RNA NGS), distinct molecular features were identified in mixed IMA/NMA cases compared with IMA and NMA cases, particularly in EGFR, KRAS, and ALK alterations and PD-L1 expression status. Paired analysis of the IMA and NMA components within mixed IMA/NMA cases using DNA and RNA NGS revealed one to three shared genomic alterations between the two components in the same tumor. However, significant differences were observed in the levels of cancer-associated fibroblasts, protumor cytokines, MHC-II, coactivation molecules, T cells, and effector cells between the components. Similarly, multiplex immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that immune cell infiltration, including CD4
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