Active deformation in the basal organ of Corti in gerbil.

Optical coherence tomography has allowed in vivo recording of sound-induced vibrations of different regions within the organ of Corti complex (OCC), including the basilar membrane (BM), outer hair cell/Deiters cell (OHC/DC) region, and reticular lamina (RL). In the hook region of the gerbil cochlea, where measurements can be made with a predominantly transverse optical axis, the three regions have different and characteristic motion responses: The OHC/DC region has greater motions than the other two regions at frequencies below the best frequency (sub-BF); the RL region typically has the greatest BF peak and smallest sub-BF motion. The phase of the OHC/DC-region motion increasingly lags BM motion phase as frequency increases; the RL-region motion phase leads BM, but with a relatively small value. All three regions are compressively nonlinear in the BF peak, but only the OHC/DC region shows sub-BF compressive nonlinearity. Here, we describe the strains that arise when the motion transitions between these regions. Large strains (deformations) were observed in the OHC body close to the RL. A region of large strain can be as short as a single 2.7-μm measurement pixel, or it can extend over several pixels, with extensive strains appearing more often at 70 than at 50 dB sound pressure level. Beyond this RL region of large strain, over a distance that can exceed 20 μm, the OHC/DC region displayed nearly spatially unvarying motion; this region vibrated as a relatively rigid body. And beyond this, at sub-BF frequencies, another region of high strain was present, indicating stretching/compressing or bowing/tilting of the DC microtubular stalk.