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ArticlePilot and feasibility studies2026

Piloting an ICU follow-up clinic - qualitative process evaluation alongside a feasibility study.

Karl Philipp Drewitz, Christine Bernardi, Katharina Pielmeier, Susanne Brandstetter, Magdalena Rohr, Vreni Brunnthaler, Christoph Fisser, Maximilian V Malfertheiner, Christian Apfelbacher

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pilot and feasibility studies, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04186468 (Piloting an ICU Follow-up Clinic to Improve Health Related Quality of Life After a Prolonged Intensive Care Stay), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04186468 nacompletednot on this map

Piloting an ICU Follow-up Clinic to Improve Health Related Quality of Life After a Prolonged Intensive Care Stay

TypeinterventionalSponsorOtto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgRan2020 to 2021Enrolled40ConditionsCritical Illness, PICS, Post Intensive Care SyndromeArmsICU follow-up clinic
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Karl Philipp Drewitz *Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany. karl-philipp.drewitz@med.ovgu.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0808-1987
Christine Bernardi *Medical Sociology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Dr.-Gessler-Str. 17, Regensburg, 93051, Germany.
Katharina PielmeierMedical Sociology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Dr.-Gessler-Str. 17, Regensburg, 93051, Germany.
Susanne BrandstetterUniversity Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO-Clinics), University of Regensburg, Klinik St. Hedwig, Steinmetzstr. 1-3, Regensburg, 93049, Germany.
Magdalena RohrMedical Sociology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Dr.-Gessler-Str. 17, Regensburg, 93051, Germany.
Vreni BrunnthalerMedical Sociology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Dr.-Gessler-Str. 17, Regensburg, 93051, Germany.
Christoph FisserDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg, 93053, Germany.
Maximilian V MalfertheinerDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg, 93053, Germany.
Christian ApfelbacherInstitute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany.

Funding

Gemeinsame Bundesausschuss 01VSF16056
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies have not demonstrated sufficient effects of intensive care unit (ICU) follow-up clinics on health-related quality of life. This may also be influenced by the design and implementation of these studies. Feasibility and context of such studies have yet to be sufficiently researched. It is therefore crucial to investigate these contextual factors. This study aimed to explore the experiences of patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals with both the randomised controlled trial (RCT) and the ICU follow-up clinic, to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and the study design from the perspectives of those involved.

methodsThis qualitative research was embedded in the process evaluation of a pilot RCT on an ICU follow-up clinic. We conducted 18 semi-structured interviews with former ICU patients, relatives and the clinical study team who participated in the PINA study and used field notes from the clinical study team. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative content analysis.

resultsThe pilot RCT was well received by potential patients and their relatives, and the motivation to participate was high, as was the motivation of the clinical study team. The main benefits of the ICU follow-up clinic intervention named by participants were being taken seriously and receiving referrals that they would not typically get from a general practitioner. The offer of home visits for patients with long travel distances to the ICU follow-up clinic was highly appreciated.

conclusionsIt was feasible to integrate the perspectives of patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals within a pilot RCT on an ICU follow-up clinic. Across all stakeholder groups, the ICU follow-up clinic and the RCT trial design were considered acceptable and valuable, suggesting that such follow-up care meets patient needs and that a large-scale study appears feasible.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov US NLM, NCT04186468, Submission: 02/12/2019, Registration: 04/12/2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04186468 .

Indexed as

ICU follow-upICU patientsQualitative process evaluation

Identifiers

PMID42104444
PMCPMC13156872

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.