Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42104410›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2026

Entomological survey of Dirofilaria spp. in Sardinia (Italy): molecular detection and mosquito species distribution.

Lia Cavallo, Eleonora Perugini, Francesca Nonnis, Cinzia Pasini, Gabriele Tosciri, Pamela Zeinoun, Serena Cavallero, Claudia Tamponi, Antonio Scala, Antonio Varcasia and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Lia Cavallo *Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Eleonora Perugini *Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Francesca NonnisDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Cinzia PasiniService for Hygiene of Production and Marketing of Food of Animal Origin (SIAOA), ASL Sulcis Iglesiente, Via Gorizia SNC, 09016, Iglesias, Italy.
Gabriele TosciriAnimal Health Service, ASL Lanusei, Viale Don Bosco 28, 08045, Lanusei, Italy.
Pamela ZeinounDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Serena CavalleroDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Claudia TamponiDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Antonio ScalaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Antonio VarcasiaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Simona GabrielliDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. simona.gabrielli@uniroma1.it.
Marco PombiDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.

Funding

Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Grant "Anna Tramontano" Call 2024Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca PRIN 2022 NEMEXIT - Prot. 2022PX9HTE
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDirofilariosis, caused by Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens, is expanding across Europe because of climate change, raising veterinary and zoonotic concerns. Among over 70 mosquito species considered to be implicated in their transmission, Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus are recognized as major vectors. In Sardinia, where canine dirofilariosis is endemic, entomological information on Dirofilaria circulation was previously lacking. This study investigated mosquito species composition and assessed the presence of D. immitis and D. repens across five sites on the island.

methodsMosquitoes were collected monthly from August 2022 to October 2023 using BG-Sentinel and CDC light traps. Specimens were morphologically and molecularly identified and screened for Dirofilaria DNA.

resultsA total of 1219 mosquitoes were collected, including 945 females belonging to 13 species. The most abundant were Aedes caspius (31.4%), Aedes detritus (28.7%), Culex pipiens (19.5%), and Aedes albopictus (16.6%). Notably, among minor species, the presence of Culex perexiguus in Italy was confirmed for the first time by molecular analysis. Dirofilaria repens and D. immitis DNA were detected in 1.8% and 1.0% of mosquitoes, respectively, with C. pipiens and Ae. albopictus as the main vectors. Other species, including Ae. caspius, Ae. detritus, C. tarsalis, and C. perexiguus, also tested positive, suggesting a potential role in transmission.

conclusionsThis study provides the first entomological report of Dirofilaria circulation in Sardinia, revealing a complex vector community and underscoring the need for continuous surveillance of dirofilariosis risk in the Mediterranean region.

Indexed as

CulicidaeDirofilariaDirofilaria immitisDirofilaria repensDirofilariasisMosquito VectorsAedesAnimalsCulexDNA, HelminthDog DiseasesDogsFemaleItalyDNA, HelminthDirofilaria immitisDirofilaria repensEntomological surveillanceVectors

Identifiers

PMID42104410
PMCPMC13321507

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.