ArticleSleep2026
Shared local brain dynamics in pediatric and adult non-rapid eye movement parasomnias.
Article in Sleep, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
STUDY
objectivesTo characterize source-level cortical oscillatory dynamics before and during disorders of arousal (DoA) compared with physiological motor arousals in children and adults. MATERIALS AND
methodsNineteen children (10.9 ± 3.0 years) and 22 adults (30.3 ± 5.2 years) with DoA underwent 256-channel high-density EEG with video-polysomnography. Source-space spectral analysis in delta (0.5-4 Hz) and beta (18-30 Hz) bands was computed during stable slow-wave-sleep (-3 to -2 minutes before movement onset) and from -5 seconds to +15 seconds around movement onset for 84 DoA episodes and 146 physiological motor arousals. Linear mixed-effects models with permutation-based cluster correction were applied.
resultsFour reproducible cortical hallmarks emerged across age groups: (1) a widespread pre-onset increase in beta and delta relative to slow-wave-sleep; (2) sustained frontal delta enhancement over anterior cingulate, dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal, frontopolar, and orbitofrontal cortices; (3) concurrent centro-parietal delta suppression spanning posterior cingulate, precuneus, superior parietal, sensorimotor, and supplementary motor regions; and (4) persistent bilateral beta enhancement. Compared with physiological arousals, DoA arose from a "sleepier" background (higher delta, lower beta) and displayed greater beta coexisting with frontal delta persistence. Children showed broader pre-onset delta effects and more diffuse post-onset persistence, whereas adults exhibited a more anteriorly confined pattern.
conclusionDoA display a reproducible, age-invariant cortical signature, consistent with a spatially organized failure of arousal integration: posterior sensorimotor and awareness circuits partially reactivate, while anterior executive and emotion-regulatory regions remain sleep-like. These spatiotemporal fingerprints position hd-EEG source analysis as a translational tool for mechanistically informed diagnostic and therapeutic development.
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