ArticlePloS one2026
Development of a hybrid tablet-integrated superporous hydrogel for gastro-retentive delivery of famotidine.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A gastro-retentive drug delivery system based on a tablet-integrated superporous hydrogel (SPH) was developed using Famotidine as a model drug for ulcer treatment. The objective of this study was to enhance gastric retention and sustained drug release, thereby improving the bioavailability of Famotidine, a BCS Class III drug with limited permeability and incomplete absorption. The SPH system was designed to retain the formulation in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the primary site of drug absorption, and was prepared using a gas-blowing (foaming) technique. A 3² full factorial design was employed to optimize the formulation by varying the concentrations of Crosspovidone and Cassia tora as independent variables. The developed SPH formulations were evaluated for porosity, swelling index, void fraction, water retention capacity, morphology, drug-excipient compatibility, and in vitro and in vivo drug release behaviour. The optimized formulation (F1) exhibited a high cumulative drug release of 98.2191 ± 0.06%, a swelling ratio of 297.2 ± 0.11%, void fraction of 0.4366 ± 0.015, porosity of 0.171 ± 0.07, and water retention time of 0.9552 ± 0.07 min. FTIR analysis confirmed the compatibility between Famotidine and excipients, while DSC studies indicated that the drug remained in its stable form without alteration during formulation. In vivo radiographic studies demonstrated that the optimized SPH formulation remained buoyant and retained in the stomach for up to 12 h, providing prolonged gastric residence and sustained drug release. Overall, the tablet-integrated SPH system represents an effective gastro-retentive approach for enhancing the therapeutic performance of Famotidine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.