ArticleMedical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre2026
Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Behavioral, Metabolic, and Peripheral Tissue Changes in a Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroidism Model.
Article in Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate whether a ketogenic diet (KD) mitigates behavioral, metabolic, and peripheral tissue alterations in a rat model of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism. SUBJECTS AND
methodsAdult female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 28) were randomly assigned to control, KD, PTU, and KD+PTU groups. Hypothyroidism was induced using 0.05% PTU for 6 weeks, while KD was administered during the final 4 weeks. Behavioral testing was conducted during the final phase of the experimental period, followed by biochemical and histological analyses at the end of the 6-week protocol. Behavioral assessments included the open field, light/dark box, forced swim, and Morris water maze tests. Biochemical analyses evaluated serum free thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 10 (IL-10). Histological evaluations targeted the thyroid gland, liver, white adipose tissue (WAT), and brown adipose tissue (BAT).
resultsPTU significantly reduced serum free T4 levels and impaired spatial learning and mood-related behaviors. KD effectively induced nutritional ketosis and improved systemic glucose metabolism but did not reverse cognitive impairment or depressive-like behaviors associated with hypothyroidism. Histologically, KD attenuated PTU-induced hepatic inflammation, WAT dysfunction, and BAT whitening. Thyroid morphology and circulating TNF-α and IL-10 levels remained unchanged across groups.
conclusionKD exerts favorable metabolic and peripheral tissue effects in PTU-induced hypothyroidism but does not rescue associated neurobehavioral deficits, likely due to persistent thyroid hormone deficiency.
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