SynthesisInternational archives of allergy and immunology2026
Eosinophilic Esophagitis following Oral Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International archives of allergy and immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Overlapping type 2, barrier, and remodeling endotypes shape clinical expression in eosinophilic esophagitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Potential Link Between Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Food Allergy: Inflammatory Pathogenesis and Management.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionOral immunotherapy (OIT) has become a cornerstone in the management of IgE-mediated food allergies, offering the potential for desensitization and protection against accidental allergen exposure. However, the therapy carries the risk of adverse effects, notably eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a chronic, Th2-mediated inflammatory disorder of the esophagus characterized by eosinophilic infiltration, dysphagia, and esophageal remodeling. This systematic review aimed to identify and summarize all published cases of EoE arising in the context of OIT, characterizing patient demographics, comorbidities, allergens, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies.
methodsA systematic search of MEDLINE and Embase from inception to July 1, 2025, was conducted in accordance with PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines. Eligible studies included case reports, case series, cohort studies, and clinical trials describing EoE during OIT. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Data extracted included patient characteristics, atopic comorbidities, allergen type, OIT regimen, latency to EoE onset, diagnostic modality, and post-diagnosis management. Given the heterogeneity in study design and outcome definitions, a descriptive synthesis was performed.
resultsThirteen studies (3 trials, 6 cohorts, 2 case series, 2 case reports) comprising 3,655 OIT patients were included. A total of 89 cases of EoE were identified, yielding an overall pooled prevalence of 1.8% (95% CI: 0.87-2.79%). Prevalence varied by allergen, with peanut OIT associated with lower risk (0.82%, 95% CI: 0.51-1.12%) compared with milk (6.9%, 95% CI: 3.74-10.08%) and egg OIT (9.5%, 95% CI: 2.78-16.13%). Males accounted for 74% of EoE cases. Diagnosis was confirmed endoscopically in nearly all patients. Most cases improved following proton pump inhibitor therapy and/or discontinuation of OIT, while fewer reports described dietary elimination or topical corticosteroids.
conclusionsEoE is an uncommon but clinically significant complication of OIT, occurring in approximately 1-2% of treated patients. Male sex, milk and egg OIT, and coexisting atopic disease may increase susceptibility. Recognition of early symptoms, routine monitoring in high-risk patients, and standardized diagnostic criteria are essential to ensure safe and effective OIT implementation. Future prospective studies are needed to clarify risk predictors and establish evidence-based management strategies for EoE in this context.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.