Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42101066›Full record

SynthesisJournal of psychiatric and mental health nursing2026

Psychological and Cognitive Sequelae of COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Eduarda Boufleuer, Tainara Wink Vieira, Victória Tiyoko Moraes Sakamoto, Fernando Anschau, Juliana Petri Tavares, Fábio Fernandes Dantas Filho, Daiane Dal Pai

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Eduarda BoufleuerPostgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1745-3391
Tainara Wink VieiraPostgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1404-1009
Victória Tiyoko Moraes SakamotoPostgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-6848
Fernando AnschauGrupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2657-5406
Juliana Petri TavaresPostgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4121-645X
Fábio Fernandes Dantas FilhoPostgraduate Program in Pulmonary Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1239-6263
Daiane Dal PaiPostgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6761-0415

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 312850/2025-5
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCOVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated global mental health problems with the development of persistent symptoms.

aimTo conduct a prevalence meta-analysis of persistent psychological and cognitive sequelae of COVID-19 based on cohort studies.

methodThis study followed PRISMA. Cohort studies that followed individuals for at least 12 weeks post-COVID-19 were included and pediatric studies were excluded. The databases Embase, Lilacs/BVS, PubMed, SciELO and Scopus were searched in November 2023. Meta-analyses were performed with subgroup analyses conducted. Results were presented with forest plot graphs and tables. Risk of bias and methodological quality were assessed using Eggers's Test and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

results2,456 studies were identified and screened. Forty-seven articles were included in the systematic review, and 46 in the meta-analysis (192,158 participants). The most prevalent psychological outcome was anxiety (0.17; 95% CI 0.11-0.27, 19 studies), followed by cognitive impairments (0.15; 95% CI 0.11-0.20, 35 studies), sleep disturbances (0.14; 95% CI 0.09-0.19, 33 studies) and depression (0.11; 95% CI 0.06-0.19, 16 studies). DISCUSSION: The mental health consequences of COVID-19 highlight the need for long-term monitoring and represent a significant public health challenge. The limitation is the heterogeneity among the studies. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE/RECOMMENDATIONS: These findings represent a public health issue emphasizing the need for public policies and support strategies to mitigate consequences.

conclusionAlthough high prevalence rates were identified, the prediction intervals were wide and heterogeneity remained high-common characteristics of studies conducted during the pandemic. REGISTRATION: Registered in the international Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42023460632, on September 5, 2023.

Indexed as

AnxietyCognitive DysfunctionDepressionPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeSleep Wake DisordersHumanscohort studiesCOVID‐19long COVIDmental healthmeta‐analysispost‐acute COVID‐19 syndromesystematic review

Identifiers

PMID42101066
PMCPMC13341033

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.