Observational studyPalliative & supportive care2026
Development and cultural adaptation of the HOPE spiritual assessment tool to Swedish (HOPE-SE): Expert evaluation in specialized palliative care.
Observational study in Palliative & supportive care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesThe HOPE spiritual assessment tool (HOPE tool), developed by Anandarajah and Hight, is a clinician-administered tool used to support the identification of patients' existential, spiritual, and religious concerns. In Sweden, a foundational translation exists, but a culturally adapted version suited to a secular and multicultural context is lacking. This study aimed to develop a culturally adapted Swedish version (HOPE-SE) and assess its comprehensibility (face validity) and perceived relevance and coverage (content validity) among specialized palliative care professionals.
methodsBuilding on an earlier Swedish translation of the original 18-item HOPE, we conducted an observational cross-sectional development and expert evaluation study, in accordance with the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines, to simplify wording, improve item focus, streamline flow, and add prompts addressing non-religious existential concerns, resulting in a 16-item draft (HOPE-SE). Expert evaluation was conducted by 18 interdisciplinary experts in specialized palliative care (nurses,
resultsExperts generally perceived HOPE-SE as understandable, acceptable, and clinically useful for initiating conversations about existential, spiritual, and religious concerns. Feedback led to minor wording refinements, clarification of potentially sensitive formulations, and the addition of a brief consent-based introduction to support timing and patient autonomy. The final HOPE-SE was approved by all experts and by the original HOPE author. SIGNIFICANCE OF
resultsHOPE-SE provides the first expert-reviewed Swedish conversation guide addressing existential, spiritual, and religious needs, intended to support spiritual history-taking in a multicultural healthcare context. Patient studies are needed to evaluate content validity and implementation in Swedish settings.
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