ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2026
Impulsivity, time perception and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: from behavioral and fNIRS evidence.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Elevated impulsivity and temporal processing deficits are key risk factors for adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI); however, their joint neural substrates and specific contributions to NSSI remain inadequately characterized. This study aimed to elucidate the behavioral and neural interplay between these cognitive domains in adolescents with NSSI. Methods: We recruited 44 adolescents with NSSI and 37 typically developing (TD) controls. Participants completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), a Choice Delay Task (CDT), and time perception assessments (discrimination and estimation tasks). A subsample (33 NSSI, 30 TD) subsequently underwent functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to monitor prefrontal hemodynamic responses during an oddball task, a paradigm assessing inhibitory control. Results: Compared to TD controls, adolescents with NSSI exhibited significantly elevated trait impulsivity (BIS-11), heightened delay aversion (preference for immediate rewards in CDT), impaired short-interval temporal discrimination (600ms), and a consistent underestimation of time intervals (7s, 12s, 34s, and 90s). Stepwise regression analysis identified BIS-11 scores, 600ms discrimination thresholds, and 90s estimation bias as significant predictors of NSSI. Neuroimaging revealed that the NSSI group showed lower accuracy on the oddball task and significant hypoactivation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC). Crucially, reduced L-DLPFC activation was associated with greater time estimation errors (at 12s and 34s) and increased NSSI. Conclusion: Adolescents with NSSI display a distinct neurocognitive phenotype characterized by high impulsivity and distorted time perception. These deficits may be associated with reduced activation in the L-DLPFC. Our findings suggest that NSSI involves a dual failure of inhibitory control and temporal processing, indicating that interventions targeting prefrontal regulation may offer novel strategies for risk reduction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.