Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42100702›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026

Rock surfaces as reservoirs for airborne halophilic microorganisms in the Bochnia Salt Mine.

Magdalena Kowalewicz-Kulbat, Gabriela Arciszewska, Maciej Manecki, Dominika Drzewiecka, Michalina Rachubik, Karolina Stępniak, Luciana Albuquerque, Conceição Egas, Krzysztof Krawczyk, Camille Locht and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Magdalena Kowalewicz-KulbatDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Gabriela ArciszewskaDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Maciej ManeckiDepartment of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
Dominika DrzewieckaDepartment of Biology of Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Michalina RachubikDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Karolina StępniakDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Luciana AlbuquerqueCNC-UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal.
Conceição EgasCNC-UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal.
Krzysztof KrawczykDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Camille LochtDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Aleksandra PuławskaDepartment of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Airborne halophilic archaea have recently been detected in subterranean salt mines, yet their origin in such dynamic environments remains unclear. We investigated whether exposed salt rock surfaces may serve as biological reservoirs for airborne halophilic microorganisms. Rock surfaces were sampled at three underground sites in the Bochnia Salt Mine (southern Poland), spanning a gradient of distance from the mine entrance and human influence. Surface swabs were collected from rock salt and salty claystone during summer and winter, representing contrasting warm-humid and cool-dry microclimatic conditions, and analyzed using cultivation-based methods combined with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Across all sites, seasons, and both rock types considered together, halophilic microorganisms dominated rock-associated communities, occurring at approximately 1.2 × 10

Indexed as

halitehalophilic archaeahypersaline environmentsmicrobial aerosolisationrock-air interfacesalt mine microbiology

Identifiers

PMID42100702
PMCPMC13144014

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.