Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42100680›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in robotics and AI2026

Digital transformation in restaurants: key aspects of service robot deployment from project initiation to evaluation.

Anniken Susanne T Karlsen, Bjørn Andersen, Solvår Elverum Heirsaunet, Elin Indergård, Kristina Nevstad, Wenche Aarseth

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in robotics and AI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anniken Susanne T KarlsenNTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Bjørn AndersenNTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Solvår Elverum HeirsaunetNORD University Business School, Bodø, Norway.
Elin IndergårdNORD University Business School, Bodø, Norway.
Kristina NevstadNTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Wenche AarsethNORD University Business School, Bodø, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study examines the deployment of service robots designed to support waitstaff in food delivery within Norwegian restaurants, which are national pioneers in adopting this technology. It investigates key aspects of service robot deployment, from project initiation through evaluation, and the approach used to ensure that robot functionality aligns with restaurant workflows and spatial configurations. Using an exploratory-explanatory case study design, the research draws on 22 interviews with 34 participants, complemented by observational fieldwork to strengthen contextual understanding. The findings offer an integrated view of the digital transformation process, identifying important considerations across all project phases. One example is the importance of considering incorporating robot service needs into early facility planning. By addressing potential obstacles such as stairs and doorsteps during the front-end design, restaurants can avoid costly redesigns and ensure optimal robot performance. By examining real-world deployment, the study offers practical insights for project managers, hospitality leaders, and others preparing to integrate service robots into restaurant operations.

Indexed as

digital transformationproject evaluationproject executionproject initiationproject planningrestaurantsservice robotstechnology deployment

Identifiers

PMID42100680
PMCPMC13143633

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.