ArticleAdvances in radiation oncology2026
Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 as a Predictive Biomarker for Radiation-Induced Lung Toxicity and Treatment Response in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Article in Advances in radiation oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: Radiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT) and variable treatment responses limit the effectiveness of radiation therapy in patients with lung cancer. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) has emerged as a potential predictive biomarker, but inconsistent findings across studies have limited its clinical implementation. Methods and Materials: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library through August 2025. Studies investigating TGF-β1 as a predictor of RILT or treatment response in patients with lung cancer receiving radiation therapy were included. Quality assessment used the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Random-effects models calculated pooled estimates for area under the curve, mean differences, and risk ratios. Results: Nine prospective studies encompassing 857 patients with lung cancer were included. TGF-β1 demonstrated good predictive performance for RILT with a pooled area under the curve of 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.82). Patients developing RILT showed significantly higher TGF-β1 ratios compared with those without toxicity (mean difference, 0.89, 95% CI, 0.67-1.11, Conclusions: TGF-β1 ratio monitoring enables effective risk stratification for radiation toxicity in patients with lung cancer, supporting its clinical implementation for personalized radiation therapy planning. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm its predictive value for treatment response.
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