ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation for small thyroid nodules with RAS mutation: a pilot study.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: The clinical management of RAS-mutated nodules faces significant challenges. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) for the treatment of thyroid nodules ≤ 2 cm with isolated RAS gene mutations. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between February 2022 and July 2024. A total of 23 patients with small RAS-mutated thyroid nodules who underwent MWA and completed at least 12 months of follow-up were enrolled. Data on nodule volume, volume reduction rate (VRR), and MWA-related adverse events were collected. Intra-group comparisons were performed using the Friedman rank sum test with Results: The cohort included 4 males (17.39%) and 19 females (82.61%), with a mean age of 45.35 ± 14.65 years. The median preoperative maximum diameter and volume were 6.20 (5.30-8.70) mm and 81.16 (46.12-256.56) mm³, respectively. All 23 patients completed ≥ 12 months of follow-up, with 6 patients reaching the 24-month follow-up. After an initial transient enlargement, the nodules showed sustained shrinkage. At the 12-month follow-up, the median VRR was 11.84% (P < 0.001), and the complete regression rate was 13.0%. By 24 months, the median VRR had reached 100%, with 83.33% complete regression (5/6). Nodules < 6 mm had higher regression rates. No local recurrence or distant metastasis occurred during the available follow-up period. Conclusion: Preliminary findings suggest that MWA may have favorable short-term efficacy and safety in the treatment of small RAS-mutated thyroid nodules.
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