Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42100094›Full record

ReviewInnovation (Cambridge (Mass.))2026

Overlooked considerations in prescribing green and blue infrastructure solutions for urban environments.

Prashant Kumar, Karina Corada Perez, Akash Biswal, Hao Sun, Anubhav Kumar Dwivedi, Sarkawt Hama, Soheila Khalili, Ajit Ahlawat, Maria de Fatima Andrade, Ronaldo Adriano Alves and 76 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

86 authors.

Prashant KumarGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Karina Corada PerezSustainability Research Institute, University of East London, London E16 2RD, UK.
Akash BiswalGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Hao SunGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Anubhav Kumar DwivediGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Sarkawt HamaGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Soheila KhaliliGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Ajit AhlawatDepartment of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands.
Maria de Fatima AndradeInstitute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil.
Ronaldo Adriano AlvesDepartment of Geography, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
Emannuelly A Amaral Dos SantosDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Maria AthanassiadouUrban Climate Applications, Met Office, Exeter EX1 3PB, UK.
Camilo Bastos RibeiroDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-070, Brazil.
Prabin BhusalDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Miguel Luiz BucalemPolytechnic School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil.
Bonnie G BuchananSustainable and Explainable Fintech (SAEF) Center, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Leticia Figueiredo CandidoInstitute of Environmental Research from the State of São Paulo, São Paulo 01061-970, Brazil.
Shi-Jie CaoGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Amarilis Lucia Casteli Figueiredo GallardoPolytechnic School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil.
Ruidong ChangSchool of Architecture and Civil Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Amanda K Chaves RibeiroDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Brian ConsidineDepartment of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland.
Regina Maura de MirandaSchool of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil.
Letícia Aparecida de PaivaFaculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil.
Priyanka de SouzaDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80202, USA.
Marco A FrancoInstitute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil.
Edmilson D FreitasInstitute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil.
H Christopher FreyDepartment of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
Marco F FunariGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Bruno FurieriDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29075-910, Brazil.
John GallagherDepartment of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland.
Leandro Luiz GiattiDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246904, Brazil.
Marcos Jeronimo Goroski RambalducciFederal University of Technology, Parana 80230-910, Brazil.
Christos H HaliosSchool of Built Environment, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DF, UK.
Felicity HarrisPortsmouth City Council, Portsmouth PO1 2AL, UK.
Leonardo HoinaskiDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-070, Brazil.
Colin HortonRugby Borough Council, Rugby CV21 2RR, UK.
Yuhan HuangCentre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
Laurence JonesUK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK.
Robyn JonesSchool of Psychology and Sport Science, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, UK.
John KanduluCollege of Business, Government and Law, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
Madhusudan KattiDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Giuliano Maselli LocosselliInstitute of Environmental Research from the State of São Paulo, São Paulo 01061-970, Brazil.
Augusto Akio Lucchezi MiyaharaInstitute of Environmental Research from the State of São Paulo, São Paulo 01061-970, Brazil.
Jorge Alberto MartinsFederal University of Technology, Parana 80230-910, Brazil.
Leila Droprinchinski MartinsFederal University of Technology, Parana 80230-910, Brazil.
Mauricio Cruz MantoaniCenter for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 13416-000, Brazil.
Roberta Consentino Kronka MülfarthFaculty of Architecture, Urbanism and Design, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-080, Brazil.
Yasmin Kaore Lago KitagawaFoundation for Scientific and Cultural Development, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37203-202, Brazil.
Willian Lemker AndreãoArcelorMittal, Global Research and Development, Espirito Santo 29161-376, Brazil.
Jackson LemonsDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Giulia Mariano MachadoDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246904, Brazil.
Shelagh K MalhamSchool of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AU, UK.
Meredith P MartinDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Maria Clara V M StarlingDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Aonghus McNabolaDepartment of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland.
Otavio Medeiros SobrinhoDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Eugene MoharebSchool of Built Environment, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DF, UK.
Erick G Sperandio NascimentoGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Thiago NogueiraDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246904, Brazil.
Gwilym OwenResilience Unit, Cardiff Council, Cardiff CF10 4UW, UK.
Rajan ParajuliDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Hari Prasad PandeyUniversity of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
Rizzieri PedruzziDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil.
Pedro José Pérez MartínezFaculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil.
Janaina Antonino PintoDepartment of Infrastructure and Environment, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism, State University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-889, Brazil.
Jorge Armando Piscoya SantibañezInstitute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil.
Shila PokhrelDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Paula Lelis Rabelo AlbalaFaculty of Architecture, Urbanism and Design, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-080, Brazil.
Neyval C ReisDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29075-910, Brazil.
Anderson P RudkeDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Devendra SarojGlobal Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Yiming SuiSchool of Built Environment, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DF, UK.
Veronica SoebartoSchool of Architecture and Civil Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Yonatal TeferaSchool of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Taciana Toledo de Almeida AlbuquerqueDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Bruna Lima Veras MaiaDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Fang WangState Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
Jannis WenkFederal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Department G - Qualitative Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, Germany.
Robson WillDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-070, Brazil.
Carmel WilliamsSchool of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Hannah Sloan WoodIndependent Consultant, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Qingyun WuCentre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
Chang XiSchool of Architecture, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China.
Russell YatesSurrey County Council, Woodhatch, Reigate RH2 8EF, UK.
Runming YaoSchool of Built Environment, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DF, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Green and blue infrastructure (GBI) is emerging as a key strategy for climate adaptation and urban resilience, yet its implementation often faces critical contextual barriers. This review initially screened over 29,000 publications, ultimately synthesizing more than 500 relevant studies supplemented by diverse expert input. The result is a novel integrative framework that connects previously siloed knowledge and consolidates 21 underexplored barriers across four key domains of GBI implementation: environmental, social, economic, and governance/policy. Environmental barriers include conflicts between GBI and renewable energy goals, specifically photovoltaics, unintended consequences of GBI (such as allergenic pollen production), urban ventilation disruption, and vulnerability of plant species to multiple urban stressors. Effective responses include thoughtful allocation and integration of photovoltaics and GBI, developing context-specific frameworks combining ecological knowledge with technological innovation, fostering cross-disciplinary collaboration across technical and social domains, science-based species selection and implementing multi-scalar strategies that enhance ecological connectivity. Social barriers encompass environmental injustice, cultural disconnection, limited public adoption, safety concerns, and esthetic preferences favoring manicured over ecologically functional landscapes. These challenges highlight the need for participatory design, culturally responsive planning, and inclusive resource allocation to strengthen community engagement and long-term stewardship. Economic barriers stem from biodiversity undervaluation, inadequate asset recognition in accounting frameworks, incomplete cost-benefit analyses, and limited private investment. Innovative financing tools such as green bonds and debt-for-nature swaps offer promising mechanisms for resilient financing, while standardized natural capital accounting frameworks can better capture GBI's multifunctional value. Governance barriers include land scarcity, urban design limitations, policy fragmentation, and disconnects with other urban agendas such as walkability. Overcoming these requires institutional realignment, cross-sectoral collaboration, and integrated spatial planning. The review unifies these findings into 12 actionable recommendations to support holistic decision-making, emphasizing that effective GBI implementation demands context-specific strategies combining innovation, inclusive governance, and long-term stewardship to mainstream GBI in sustainable urban development.

Indexed as

climate adaptationGBI constraintsmultidimensional challengesnature-based solutionsUnited Nations Sustainable Development Goalsurban resilience

Identifiers

PMID42100094
PMCPMC13148010

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.