Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42099928›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in digital health2026

A randomized factorial experiment to optimize the design of a culturally tailored breast cancer screening outreach chatbot intervention.

Raina Langevin, Pranuti Kalidindi, Katie Arriaga, Ryan P Kyle, Shayla Akande, Gary Hsieh, Leah M Marcotte

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in digital health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05472064 (Human Centered Design Approach to Eliminating Disparities in Breast Cancer Screening), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05472064 completednot on this map

Human Centered Design Approach to Eliminating Disparities in Breast Cancer Screening

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of WashingtonRan2022 to 2022Enrolled550ConditionsBreast CancerArmsPersona: Primary care doctor, Persona: Breast cancer survivor, Communication Style: Direct, Communication Style: Indirect
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Raina LangevinDepartment of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Pranuti KalidindiFoster School of Business, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Katie ArriagaDepartment of Human Centered Design & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Ryan P KyleDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.
Shayla AkandeCierra Sisters, Seattle, WA, United States.
Gary HsiehDepartment of Human Centered Design & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Leah M MarcotteDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.

Funding

Promoting patient portal use among Black women to lower barriers to breast cancer screeningK08CA293156 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Leah Marie Marcotte · 2025 to 2026
$557k
NCI NIH HHS K08 CA293156
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The main objective of this study is to assess the effects of chatbot persona and communication style on trust and intention to use for scheduling breast cancer screening (BCS). Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods analysis of a randomized factorial experiment to evaluate different chatbot designs for a BCS intervention. The study protocol is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05472064). We tested different conditions in a 2 × 2 experimental design using a Black woman persona presented either as a primary care doctor or a breast cancer survivor and a communication style that was either direct or polite, compared with a control condition. Results: Among the experimental conditions, the doctor-polite condition was the most preferred in terms of both trust and intention to use, compared with the control. Qualitative feedback indicated that the doctor persona and polite communication style were perceived as professional and friendly, respectively. While some participants appreciated representation in the use of a Black woman persona and found it relatable, others perceived it as stereotyping, patronizing, or targeting. Discussion: Overall, both quantitative and qualitative findings indicate that a culturally tailored doctor persona with polite messaging may enhance trust and increase intention to use the chatbot for scheduling BCS through professional interactions that are perceived as warm and friendly. The development of culturally tailored personas should be done with caution to prevent the perpetuation of stereotypes in chatbot persona development.

Indexed as

breast cancer screeningchatbotscommunication technologyhealthcare equityhealth communication

Identifiers

PMID42099928
PMCPMC13144116

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.