ArticleFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2026
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote scalp rejuvenation through type XVII collagen regulation via the miR-21-5p/DKK2/Wnt pathway.
Article in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Hair follicle aging is driven by COL17A1 proteolysis in hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes show promise in tissue regeneration, but their effects on COL17A1 and hair follicle aging remain unexplored. Methods: Exosomes isolated from human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) were evaluated in H Results: Exosome treatment reduced SA-β-gal-positive cells from 67.5% to 21.4%, upregulated COL17A1 mRNA by 2.67-fold (with protein restoration to 0.89-fold of control levels), enhanced hair follicle elongation by 47.4%, and achieved 92.4% hair coverage in mice versus 45.6% for controls, outperforming minoxidil (78.3%). miR-21-5p was identified as the most abundant exosomal miRNA and confirmed to directly target DKK2, a Wnt antagonist. DKK2 suppression was associated with Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and upregulation of COL17A1 expression. miR-21-5p inhibitor partially blocked exosome effects, validating this axis. Conclusion: hUC-MSC-derived exosomes attenuate hair follicle senescence and promote hair regeneration through the miR-21-5p/DKK2/Wnt/β-catenin/COL17A1 axis, providing a promising cell-free strategy for scalp rejuvenation.
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