Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42099059›Full record

ArticleAnimal bioscience2026

New insight into the effects of integrated organic-inorganic fertilization on enhancing the rice straw productivity and silage quality.

Wenjie Zhang, Siran Wang, Nengxiang Xu, Chenglong Ding, Beiyi Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animal bioscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wenjie ZhangInstitute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Siran WangInstitute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Nengxiang XuInstitute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Chenglong DingInstitute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Beiyi LiuInstitute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.

Funding

National Key Research and development project 2024YFD1301200
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the overall benefits of organic-inorganic integrated fertilization for the rice straw production system, including yield, forage nutritive value, silage fermentation quality, and economic returns.

methodsThe field experiment used a completely randomized design with six treatments, defined by the proportion of organic manure (OM) nitrogen substituting chemical fertilizer (CF) nitrogen: T0 (0%, unfertilized control), T1 (0% OM, 100% CF), T2 (25% OM, 75% CF), T3 (50% OM, 50% CF), T4 (75% OM, 25% CF), and T5 (100% OM, 0% CF), to assess their impacts on rice straw yield, forage quality, and silage fermentation.

resultsThe results from the 2023-2024 trials demonstrated that T2 performed optimally. Compared to T1, T2 showed more tiller numbers (12 vs. 9 per plant), and greater yields of fresh straw (18,033.43-19,483.17 vs. 15,474.17-15,739.34 g/kg), dry matter (DM) (5,610.20-6,061.11 vs. 5,361.80-5,454.20 g/kg), and grain (7,419.42-7,531.34 vs. 7,703.96- 7,841.05 g/kg DM). Nutritionally, T2 improved straw quality by elevating crude protein and water-soluble carbohydrate content while reducing fiber components. After 60 days of ensiling, treatment T2 achieved successful and desirable fermentation quality, as evidenced by a sufficiently low pH value (~3.84), a high population of lactic acid bacteria (5.6 log10 cfu·g-1 FM), moderate lactic acid production (~3.19 g/kg DM), and minimal protein degradation reflected by an acceptably low ammonia nitrogen concentration (~2.41 g/kg total nitrogen). Economically, T2 also achieved the highest net benefit (2,568 USD·ha-1).

conclusionThe 75% chemical plus 25% organic fertilizer regime represents a viable strategy for achieving agricultural sustainability, as it effectively supports high grain production while also improving straw yield, quality, and silage fermentation, resulting in higher economic returns.

Indexed as

Economic BenefitFertilization StrategyForage YieldRice StrawSilage Fermentation

Identifiers

PMID42099059
PMCPMC13175072

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.