ArticleBMC nursing2026
Latent profiles of oral health-related quality of life in temporomandibular disorders: implications for nurse-led stratified care.
Article in BMC nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common chronic orofacial pain conditions that substantially impair oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The multidimensional burden of TMD, involving pain, functional limitation, psychological distress, and maladaptive behaviors, is highly heterogeneous. However, nursing practice lacks empirically derived frameworks that support early risk stratification and profile-informed, nurse-led care.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary TMD specialty clinic between February 2024 and August 2025. A total of 515 adults diagnosed with TMD according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) were enrolled. OHRQoL was assessed using the OHIP-TMD-22. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed based on seven OHIP-TMD-22 domain scores to identify distinct OHRQoL profiles. Pain intensity (NRS), jaw functional limitation (JFLS-8), psychological distress (DASS-21), and oral-related behaviors were compared across profiles. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with profile membership from a nursing assessment perspective.
resultsFour latent OHRQoL profiles with a clear gradient structure were identified: minimal impact (46.80%), mild-moderate impact (31.26%), psychological-functional high impact (16.89%), and severe generalized impairment (5.05%). Progressive increases in pain, functional limitation, psychological distress, and behavioral risk clustering were observed across profiles. Pain intensity, jaw functional limitation, and stress emerged as the most consistent factors associated with profile membership, while depressive symptoms were additionally associated with the most severe profile. These patterns suggest that pain, function, and stress may serve as practical candidate indicators for nurse-led early screening of patients with higher multidimensional burden.
conclusionsThis study suggests that TMD is a nursing-sensitive chronic pain condition characterized by substantial heterogeneity in OHRQoL. The identified latent profiles may offer a preliminary framework for nurse-led risk stratification and stratified care planning. Integrating OHRQoL, pain, functional, and psychological assessments into routine nursing practice may help improve early identification of vulnerable subgroups and inform more tailored nursing care; however, the practical utility of this approach warrants further validation in longitudinal and multicenter studies. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.