Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42098433›Full record

ArticleThe AAPS journal2026

Estimating Intragastric Disintegration Times of Immediate Release Dose Units Administered After a High-Calorie, High-Fat Meal Using Standardized, Commercially Available Equipment and Materials.

Maria Vertzoni, Erato Androulaki, Shirin Dietrich, Marianna Gereoudaki, Paraskevi Karpasiti, Zoi Margiori, Ioannis Papazoglou, Ioanna Stavrinoudi, Christos Reppas

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The AAPS journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Maria VertzoniDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Erato AndroulakiDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Shirin DietrichDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Marianna GereoudakiDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Paraskevi KarpasitiDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Zoi MargioriDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Ioannis PapazoglouDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Ioanna StavrinoudiDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Christos ReppasDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. reppas@pharm.uoa.gr.ORCID 0000-0002-6958-2147

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intragastric disintegration times of immediate release (IR) dose units after high-calorie, high-fat meal would be useful in the assessment of drug absorption process and when considering waivers of bioequivalence assessment of non-high risk IR products in the fed state. We investigated the usefulness of standardized, commercially available equipment and materials in estimating intragastric disintegration times of IR dose units after high-calorie, high-fat meal. Disintegration times were estimated from the cumulative % drug in the medium vs. time data sets. When using 330 mL Level III FeSSGF-V3 and the compendial Apparatus II (60 rpm) with apex vessel without sinkers, the complete disintegration times of Panadol Actifast® tablets were close to previously estimated mean intragastric complete disintegration time (14 min), and the initial disintegration times of hard gelatine capsules were close to previously estimated mean intragastric initial disintegration time (11 min). Also, initial intragastric disintegration times of hard hypromellose capsules without gelling agents were predicted to be in line with intragastric initial disintegration times in the fasted state whereas disintegration of hard hypromellose capsules prepared with gelling agents was dramatically extended, in line with intragastric data after high-calorie, high-fat meal. Level III FeSSGF-V3 and the compendial Apparatus II (60 rpm) with apex vessel could be useful in estimating average intragastric disintegration times, in supporting justification for waiving in vivo bioequivalence studies, or in detecting non-IR characteristics of dose units after a high-calorie, high-fat meal.

Indexed as

Dietary FatsDiet, High-FatCapsulesHumansHypromellose DerivativesTabletsTherapeutic EquivalencyTime FactorsCapsulesDietary FatsHypromellose DerivativesTabletsdisintegrationfed statehard capsuleshigh-calorie, high-fat mealtablets

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.