Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42098170›Full record

ArticleScientific data2026

Pri-MCCD: A Real-World Multimodal Dataset for Analyzing Classroom Climate in Primary School Lessons.

Weigang Lu, Ying Chen, Xiaofang Wang, Cunling Bian

Abstract readDataset
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Weigang LuDepartment of Education, Ocean University of China, Songling Road No.238, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China.
Ying ChenDepartment of Education, Ocean University of China, Songling Road No.238, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China.
Xiaofang WangQingdao Ningxia Road Primary School, Ningxia Road No.173, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
Cunling BianDepartment of Education, Ocean University of China, Songling Road No.238, Qingdao, 266100, Shandong, China. clbian@ouc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-9228

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unlike experienced teachers who intuitively perceive classroom dynamics, artificial intelligence still struggles to develop comparable perceptual abilities due to the complex, evolving nature of real classroom climates. Capturing this shared emotional and cognitive atmosphere is essential for understanding teaching effectiveness and student development, and especially challenging in primary school settings, where students' expressions are often nonverbal and volatile. Existing datasets are typically task-specific, single-modal, and collected in controlled environments, limiting their ability to reflect authentic multimodal interactions. Annotations also tend to be shallow and lack labels that represent the broader classroom climate. To address these limitations, we present Pri-MCCD, a multimodal classroom climate dataset built from real-world primary school lessons. It integrates visual and auditory features like body posture and acoustic cues. The dataset contains fifteen 40-minute classes across subjects, and is designed to support research in classroom diagnostics, affect-aware systems, and learning environment analysis.

Indexed as

SchoolsStudentsArtificial IntelligenceHumans

Identifiers

PMID42098170
PMCPMC13365528

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.