Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42097653›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Influence of general practice education on medical students' attitude towards this discipline: a mixed studies scoping review protocol.

Lara Schürmann, Lea-Mareen Höft, Julia Karpfinger, Stephan Gerbaulet, Julia Sternal, Christiane Muth, Svetlana Puzhko, Bettina Leeuw, Tim Peters

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lara Schürmann *Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Lea-Mareen Höft *Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Julia KarpfingerDepartment of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Stephan GerbauletDepartment of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Julia SternalDepartment of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Christiane MuthDepartment of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Svetlana PuzhkoDepartment of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8514-5003
Bettina LeeuwDepartment of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Tim PetersDepartment of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany tim.peters@uni-bielefeld.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-4165-5608

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe shortage of general practitioners in many countries remains a persistent issue and is likely to become more severe in the future. Multiple factors influencing the attitude of medical students towards general practice have been identified. The aim of this scoping review is to describe the scope of the evidence on the influence of teaching general practice in medical school (eg, lectures, seminars, internships) on medical students' attitude towards this discipline and to identify knowledge gaps. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will apply a mixed studies scoping review design. Quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies exploring the influence of general practice education in medical school (exposure) on the attitudes (outcome) of medical students (population) will be included. The outcome will be any measured or reported change in medical students' attitude towards general practice as a discipline. A systematic search in MEDLINE through PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, the Education Resources Information Centre and PsycInfo, as well as forward and backward citation tracking, will be conducted starting from 2015, published in English or German. Titles, abstracts and full texts will be screened and data will be extracted independently by two reviewers. Results will be tabulated and summarised narratively and interpreted according to the framework of the affective domain. DISCUSSION AND

conclusionBy identifying and linking educational formats with levels of the affective domain, this approach may help educators understand how medical training can influence the attitude towards and interest in primary care and improve the development of professional identity formation and general practice focused curricula. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This scoping review does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The protocol of this scoping review has been registered on OSF (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/UFJCR).

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelEducation, MedicalGeneral PracticeStudents, MedicalHumansResearch DesignScoping Reviews as TopicAttitudeEducation, MedicalGENERAL MEDICINE (see Internal Medicine)MEDICAL EDUCATION & TRAINING

Identifiers

PMID42097653
PMCPMC13157776

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.