Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42096641›Full record

ArticleHealth promotion international2026

International consensus on school health literacy responsiveness: findings from a modified Delphi process.

Teresa Cheng-Chieh Chu, Shandell Elmer, Vaughan Cruickshank, Louisa R Peralta, Rebecca K Kelly, Rosie Nash

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health promotion international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Teresa Cheng-Chieh ChuTasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St., Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8682-5825
Shandell ElmerSchool of Nursing, University of Tasmania, Cimitiere Street, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
Vaughan CruickshankSchool of Education, University of Tasmania, Invermay Rd, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
Louisa R PeraltaSchool of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney, Parramatta Rd, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6205-8676
Rebecca K KellyTasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St., Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
Rosie NashTasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St., Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is a lack of validated tools to assess health literacy responsiveness, defined as the organizational capacity of schools to create accessible and equitable environments that support health literacy development, in school settings internationally. This study, the second phase of a three-part research program, aimed to develop a school-based health literacy assessment tool through a systematic, multi-step development process. Building on a prior scoping review that identified 629 items from existing tools, 210 refined items were presented to 22 international experts via a modified Delphi survey. Experts rated relevance, domain fit, and need for revision. Consensus, derived from qualitative analysis of expert feedback, revealed 47 items as highly important, 119 as potentially relevant, and 44 as unsuitable for schools. Expert feedback informed conceptualization of organizational health literacy in schools. The items reflect practical considerations, cross-national, and multidisciplinary perspectives. Findings highlight strong support for domains such as communication, engagement, and workforce development. The next phase includes pilot testing and validation to support implementation of a tool to promote health literacy among students, teachers, and leaders.

Indexed as

Health LiteracySchool Health ServicesSchoolsConsensus Statements as TopicDelphi TechniqueHumansSurveys and Questionnairesassessment tool developmenthealth literacymodified Delphischool settingsstakeholderswhole-of-school approach

Identifiers

PMID42096641
PMCPMC13152016

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.