ArticleVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2026
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung: clinicopathologic and molecular analysis of 17 cases.
Article in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung (HAL) is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung carcinoma characterized by morphologic and immunophenotypic overlap with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), creating diagnostic challenges for practicing pathologists. Because of its rarity, only limited information exists regarding its molecular profile and biologic behavior. We retrospectively analyzed 17 HAL cases diagnosed at Northwestern Memorial Hospital and describe their clinical presentation, morphologic features, immunohistochemical and molecular profiles, and clinical outcomes. Histologically, HAL is composed of polygonal to columnar epithelioid cells with abundant lightly eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm and predominantly solid and/or complex glandular growth patterns. Foci of mucinous differentiation may be present. Cytologic atypia, brisk mitotic activity, and tumor necrosis are common findings. Immunohistochemically, HAL is characterized by strong and diffuse HepPar1 expression, positivity for adenocarcinoma markers such as MOC31, and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for TTF-1. Across the 17 cases, STK11 alterations were most frequent (52.9%), followed by TP53 (41.2%) and KRAS (35.3%). Concurrent KRAS + STK11 alterations were identified in 23.5% of cases, compared with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts of other lung adenocarcinomas (11/566, 2.0%) and HCC (0/372, 0%). HAL demonstrates highly aggressive behavior, with metastatic presentation even in low-stage tumors (T1: 33.3%; T2: 71.4%), frequent hematogenous spread, and death of disease in 41.2% of patients at a median follow-up of 5 months. In summary, HAL is a distinct subtype with characteristic morphologic and immunohistochemical features. Given its aggressive clinical course, accurate diagnosis is essential for patient management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.