Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42096038›Full record

SynthesisImmunologic research2026

Effectiveness and safety of efgartigimod in myasthenia gravis: A meta-analysis of different antibody subtypes.

Haneen Sabet, Abrar AbuHamdia, Mohamed Ahmed Zanaty, Mohamed El-Moslemani, Dalia Kamal Ewis, Ziyad Elyamany, Abdallah Khatatbeh, Abdullah Almarfadi, Hala Al-Rayess, Gergis Altalab and 4 more

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
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In one paragraph

Synthesis in Immunologic research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Haneen SabetFaculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. haninsabet225@gmail.com.
Abrar AbuHamdiaNeurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar FoundationEducation City, P.O. Box: 34110, Doha, Qatar.
Mohamed Ahmed ZanatyFaculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
Mohamed El-MoslemaniFaculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
Dalia Kamal EwisFaculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
Ziyad ElyamanyFaculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Abdallah KhatatbehKing Hussein Medical Center, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan.
Abdullah AlmarfadiDepartment of Medicine, Ferhat Abbas University of Setif, Setif, Algeria.
Hala Al-RayessFaculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Gergis AltalabFaculty of Medicine, Merit University, New Sohag, Egypt.
Majed AldehriDepartment of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, 8082, 62523, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Foziah F Al-FawzanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
E A ShabanFaculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Abdallah AbbasFaculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt. Abdallah.abdelmoneam.abbas@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the effectiveness and safety of intravenous efgartigimod in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and to compare treatment responses between anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab)-positive and -negative subtypes.

methodsA comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases up to 15 October 2025. Clinical trials and cohort studies evaluating the effectiveness and safety of efgartigimod in patients with MG were included. A random-effects model was used to pool mean differences (MDs) for continuous outcomes and proportions for categorical outcomes, with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed based on study design and MG subtype.

resultsTwenty-nine studies (1594 patients) were included. Overall, 83% of patients achieved clinically meaningful improvement (CMI; ≥ 2-point reduction in MG Activities of Daily Living [MG-ADL] score), and 36% achieved minimal symptom expression (MSE; MG-ADL score of 0 or 1) with no significant difference between AChR-Ab-positive and AChR-Ab-negative subtypes. MG-ADL score significantly decreased from baseline (MD: -4.3 points, 95% CI: -4.99 to -3.61), with no difference between the MG subtypes. Quantitative MG score (QMG; MD: -3.6 points, 95% CI: -4.28 to -2.91), MG Quality of Life 15-item revised scale (MG-QoL15r), IgG levels, and corticosteroid use showed significant reductions in the AChR-Ab-positive subtype; however, these outcomes were not reported in the AChR-Ab-negative subtype. Serious adverse events were reported in 4.42% of patients.

conclusionEfgartigimod significantly improved clinical symptoms and quality of life in patients with MG and may offer a steroid-sparing effect, with no significant differences observed between subtypes.

Indexed as

Myasthenia GravisAutoantibodiesHumansReceptors, CholinergicTreatment OutcomeAutoantibodiesReceptors, CholinergicAcetylcholine receptor antibodiesAutoimmune neuromuscular diseaseEfgartigimodFcRn inhibitorMyasthenia gravis

Identifiers

PMID42096038

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.