ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2026
Designing Consent Processes for Research With Older Adults Who May Lack Decisional Capacity: A Guide for Investigators.
Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Securing a participant's voluntary, informed consent is widely acknowledged as a requirement of ethical research. Yet, challenges can arise, particularly when a researcher seeks to enroll older adults who may lack the capacity to consent to research participation due to cognitive impairment. To address this challenge, this article outlines a nine-step framework for designing consent processes: (1) identify the participants in the study and assess whether some or all might reasonably be expected to lack decisional capacity; (2) determine whether enrolling participants who lack decisional capacity is justifiable; (3) determine whether informed consent is needed for some or all research procedures; if consent is required, (4) prepare the information that will be provided to prospective participants; (5) make both the information and the consent process accessible; (6) specify how prospective participants' decisional capacity will be assessed; (7) specify how surrogates will be identified and contacted when prospective participants are determined to lack decisional capacity; (8) determine how to involve prospective participants who lack decisional capacity in the decision-making process, such as through assent or dissent; and as appropriate, (9) consider how capacity and consent might change across the duration of the study. This framework can help researchers anticipate and address common challenges and ensure they fulfill ethical and regulatory obligations. Applications of this framework include writing the human subjects portion of grant applications, preparing protocols for submission to an Institutional Review Board, and informing research practice.
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