Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42095574›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026

PrEP at the site of action in cisgender and transgender women: A pharmacology study of blood and rectal CD4

Elizabeth Hastie, Megha Srivasta, Edward R Cachay, Leah Burke, Sara Gianella, Stephen Rawlings, Frank Z Stanczyk, Craig Sykes, Angela D M Kashuba, Jill Blumenthal and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Elizabeth HastieUniversity of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6587-6968
Megha SrivastaUniversity of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Edward R CachayMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Leah BurkeUniversity of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Sara GianellaUniversity of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Stephen RawlingsMaine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA.
Frank Z StanczykUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Craig SykesUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Angela D M KashubaUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Jill BlumenthalUniversity of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Mackenzie L CottrellUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Funding

Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology CoreP30AI050410 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI DAVID M. MARGOLIS · 2001 to 2026
$76.9M
HOPE Training GrantT32AI007384 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Sara Gianella Weibel, Scott L Letendre · 1990 to 2026
$9.7M
Feminizing Sex Hormones Impact on PrEP Pharmacology in Transgender WomenR21AI145646 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI COTTRELL, MACKENZIE · 2019 to 2020
$444k
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases P30AI050410National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R21AI145646NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050410NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI145646NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007384
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFemale sex hormones used in feminizing hormone therapy (FHT) may influence activation and persistence of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medications. The clinical relevance of this interaction remains unclear, particularly for transgender and cisgender women (TGW and CGW). To address this gap, we examined drug metabolites in HIV susceptible cells isolated from blood and rectal tissues of TGW and CGW. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe enrolled 23 TGW, 13 on FHT and 10 CGW. Participants received five directly observed daily PrEP doses: emtricitabine 200 mg with either tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg (FTC/TDF) or tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg (FTC/TAF). Blood and rectal tissue samples were obtained. Mononuclear and CD4 RESULTS AND

conclusionTotal nucleotide pools (pTFV and pFTC) correlated with active metabolites (TFVdp and FTCtp) in blood and rectal CD4

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesHIV InfectionsPre-Exposure ProphylaxisTransgender PersonsAdenineAdultAlanineEmtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug CombinationFemaleGonadal Steroid HormonesHumansMaleMiddle AgedNucleotidesRectumAdenineAlanineAnti-HIV AgentsEmtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug CombinationGonadal Steroid HormonesNucleotidesTenofovirtenofovir alafenamidefeminizing hormone therapyHIVlower gastrointestinal tractpre‐exposure prophylaxistransgender

Identifiers

PMID42095574
PMCPMC13421049

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.