Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42095232›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nursing studies advances2026

The moderating effects of racial climate and racial microaggressions on moral distress & intent to leave in nursing: A cross-sectional study.

Kari A Mastro, Brielle Hamilton Khan, Christian N Burchill, Nicholas Giordano, Cheryl Monturo, Charlotte Thomas-Hawkins, Rosemary C Polomano

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nursing studies advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kari A MastroPenn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Division of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
Brielle Hamilton KhanPenn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Division of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
Christian N BurchillPenn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Division of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
Nicholas GiordanoEmory University, School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Cheryl MonturoPenn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Division of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
Charlotte Thomas-HawkinsRutgers The State University, School of Nursing, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States.
Rosemary C PolomanoPenn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Division of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aim: This study examines the association between racial climate and racial microaggressions on nurses' moral distress and intent to leave the organization. Background: Approximately one-fifth of registered nurses in the United States plan to leave the workforce by 2027, with work-related stress identified as one leading reason. Limited research has explored racial climate and racial microaggressions impact on nurses' moral distress and intent to leave. Design: A multisite cross-sectional observational study measured racial climate, racial microaggressions, moral distress, and intent to leave using validated instruments. Methods: Sample included 525 nurses employed at a large Mid-Atlantic academic health system who completed online surveys. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects modeling. Results: Black nurses reported 17.07-point higher Racial Climate Scale scores than White nurses (95% CI: 12.86, 21.29; Conclusions: Racial climate and microaggressions significantly impact moral distress and intent to leave, especially among non-White nurses.

Indexed as

Intent to leaveMoral distressNurseRacial climateRacial microaggression

Identifiers

PMID42095232
PMCPMC13141982

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.