ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2026
The Combined Predictive Value of the GRACE Score and the ARC-HBR Criteria for Bleeding Risk After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in STEMI Patients.
Article in International journal of general medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the incremental predictive value of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score combined with the Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk (ARC-HBR) criteria for bleeding risk after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST‑segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled 338 STEMI patients who underwent their first PCI at Fuyang People's Hospital from January 2023 to March 2024. Bleeding events were defined according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) types 1-5. Patients were stratified by GRACE score (low/middle/high) and ARC‑HBR status (high/low). The predictive performance of the model was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration plots. Internal validation was performed via bootstrap resampling (1,000 iterations). Results: Bleeding occurred in 83 patients (24.56%), with 63 in‑hospital events (18.64%) and 34 out‑of‑hospital events (10.06%). The majority were mild (BARC type 1, 82.54% in‑hospital; 73.53% out‑of‑hospital). The combined GRACE + ARC‑HBR model achieved an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.774 (95% CI 0.726-0.818), compared with 0.712 (95% CI 0.660-0.759) for GRACE alone and 0.667 (95% CI 0.614-0.717) for ARC‑HBR alone. Versus GRACE, the combined model showed a non‑significant NRI (-0.0509; P = 0.0945) but a significant IDI (0.0560; P = 0.0006). Versus ARC‑HBR, both NRI (0.3277; P = 0.0007) and IDI (0.0768; P < 0.0001) were significantly positive. DCA demonstrated the highest net benefit for the combined model across most threshold probabilities. The calibration curve yielded a Brier score of 0.147, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test confirmed good calibration (χ Conclusion: Compared with either score alone, the combination of the GRACE score and the ARC-HBR criteria provides incremental predictive value for post-PCI bleeding in STEMI patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.