Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42094756›Full record

ReviewTrauma surgery & acute care open2026

Mental health after the sirens: moral injury in responders and survivors of disaster, mass casualty, and crisis care.

Natasha Keric, Chidinma Tiko-Okoye, Gerald Wang, Ian J Thomas, Purvi Pravinchandra Patel

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Trauma surgery & acute care open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. TCCACS and MDR 2026 introduction.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Natasha KericSurgery, The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-7877
Chidinma Tiko-OkoyeSurgery, The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1880-8270
Gerald WangSurgery, The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Ian J ThomasSurgery, The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Purvi Pravinchandra PatelDepartment of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-6572

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Healthcare professionals responding to disasters, mass casualty incidents, pandemics, and sustained high-acuity clinical environments face extraordinary ethical and emotional demands. While burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have historically framed clinician distress, these constructs incompletely capture the moral and existential harm experienced when clinicians are forced to act in ways that conflict with deeply held professional and ethical values. Moral injury has emerged as a distinct framework to explain this phenomenon. This review synthesizes current understanding of moral injury in disaster, mass casualty, and crisis care settings, distinguishing it from burnout and PTSD, examines prevalence and impact on clinicians and healthcare systems, identifies unique individual, organizational, and situational risk factors, and reviews mitigation and recovery strategies across the disaster continuum. Critical gaps in measurement and research are highlighted, particularly in command-driven healthcare environments. Addressing moral injury requires system-level interventions, ethical transparency, and leadership accountability to sustain the healthcare workforce beyond the immediate crisis.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health CareEthicsMass Casualty IncidentsPost-traumatic stress disorder

Identifiers

PMID42094756
PMCPMC13141044

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.