ArticleCureus2026
Splenic Metastases: A Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT Analysis of Primary Tumor Distribution.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
Background and aim Splenic metastases are uncommon and typically occur in advanced malignancies despite the spleen's extensive vascular network. This retrospective, single-center cohort study aimed to provide an incidence-based evaluation of splenic metastases in a large PET/CT population and to assess their prognostic implications in contemporary clinical practice. Materials and methods Between January 2018 and December 2024, 41 cases (0.40%) of splenic metastases were identified among 10,295 patients with nonhematologic malignancies undergoing fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT. Metastases were verified through histopathology or, more commonly, through imaging-based criteria supported by longitudinal clinical and radiological follow-up, with consensus evaluation by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) measurements were obtained for all splenic lesions. Results The mean SUVmax was 8.39 ± 4.03 (range: 3.89-22.22). The most common primary tumors were lung (34.15%), ovarian (21.95%), breast (9.76%), and colorectal (9.76%) cancers. All cases demonstrated concomitant metastatic involvement in other organs, with no isolated splenic metastases observed. Median overall survival was 7.1 months, with one-year and two-year survival rates of 31.7% and 28.2%, respectively. Patients with lung cancer showed significantly poorer overall survival compared to other primary tumors (HR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.15-5.16, p = 0.020). In multivariate analysis, age and male sex were independently associated with overall survival. Conclusions Splenic metastases are rare (0.40%) in nonhematologic malignancies and are typically associated with widespread metastatic disease. The most common primary tumors are lung, ovarian, breast, and colorectal cancers. Survival is poor following splenic metastasis detection, with a median overall survival of 7.1 months. These findings provide valuable epidemiologic and prognostic data on splenic metastases detected by FDG PET/CT in clinical practice.
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