ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
Integrating epidemiology with genomic tracing to uncover concealed transmission networks in a brucellosis outbreak, Shandong, China.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study integrated epidemiological investigation with whole-genome sequencing to elucidate the transmission chain and pathogen characteristics of a 2023 brucellosis outbreak in Shandong Province, providing evidence for targeted prevention and control. Methods: Transmission chains were reconstructed through field epidemiological investigations, active case finding, and retrospective data review. Isolated strains were cultured and identified, followed by molecular tracing using multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and core-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) genotyping. Epidemiological and molecular data were integrated to assess transmission links. Results: A total of 26 related cases were identified in this outbreak. Epidemiological investigation revealed that the outbreak originated from a flock of infected lambs introduced by an index case in 2022, with subsequent spread through local livestock trading networks affecting multiple villages. Ten Conclusion: This outbreak was primarily driven by the trade of locally infected sheep, facilitating regional spread. High-resolution molecular typing effectively complemented traditional epidemiology by uncovering concealed transmission chains and revealing the co-circulation of multiple lineages. These findings underscore the value of integrated molecular surveillance systems in key endemic regions to support human brucellosis control.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.