Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42093707›Full record

ReviewRSC advances2026

Advanced green functional groups for tailoring the membrane features and performance in contaminated wastewater treatment: a comprehensive review.

Saba Ahmed Abdulkareem, Khalid T Rashid, Adnan A AbdulRazak, Mohammed Ahmed Shehab, Mohammed Nabeel, Mohammed A Salih, Haidar Hasan Mohammed

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Saba Ahmed AbdulkareemMembrane Technology Research Unit, College of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq Al Sinaa Street 52 10066 Baghdad Iraq che.24.20@grad.uotechnology.edu.iq Khalid.T.Rashid@uotechnology.edu.iq.
Khalid T RashidMembrane Technology Research Unit, College of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq Al Sinaa Street 52 10066 Baghdad Iraq che.24.20@grad.uotechnology.edu.iq Khalid.T.Rashid@uotechnology.edu.iq.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7794-5174
Adnan A AbdulRazakDepartment of Oil and Gas Refining Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Turath University Baghdad Iraq adnansss2002@yahoo.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2317-6167
Mohammed Ahmed ShehabGas Processes and Petrochemicals Engineering Department, Basrah University for Oil and Gas 61004 Basrah Iraq mohammed.ahmed@buog.edu.iq.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3381-7848
Mohammed NabeelCenter of Industrial Applications and Materials Technology, Scientific Research Commission Baghdad Iraq mohamedxl2006@gmail.com.
Mohammed A SalihDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Refining, Basrah University for Oil and Gas Basrah 61004 Iraq mohammed.salih@buog.edu.iq.
Haidar Hasan MohammedDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Refining, Basrah University for Oil and Gas Basrah 61004 Iraq mohammed.salih@buog.edu.iq.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The need to strike a balance between separation performance and environmental responsibility has led to the development of polymeric membranes with green functional groups as a viable approach for sustainable wastewater treatment. Beyond descriptive reporting, this review critically synthesizes molecular findings connecting membrane structure-property-performance correlations to bio-based functional additives. The effects of naturally occurring functional groups, such as phenolics, flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino-rich biopolymers, and plant-based reactive moieties, on the shape, surface chemistry, and interfacial interactions of the membrane are methodically examined. In order to assess several classes of green additives and fabrication techniques based on their operational stability, durability, sustainability indicators, permeability-selectivity trade-offs, and fouling resistance, a comparative approach is presented. The review clarifies the main mechanisms for antifouling and separation, including hydrogen-bonding networks, surface charge modulation, hydration layer formation, radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activity. It also critically analyzes how these mechanisms result in better dye, heavy metal, and oil contamination removal. Significantly, the analysis reveals the discrepancies and knowledge gaps in published mechanistic interpretations, such as the long-term stability of bio-functionalized membranes under practical operating conditions, the relative contributions of surface chemistry

Identifiers

PMID42093707
PMCPMC13141684

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.