Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42093035›Full record

Trial reportBreast cancer research : BCR2026

The ARTEMIS trial identifies immune activation as a key predictor of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in triple-negative breast cancer.

Sahil Seth, Clinton Yam, Lei Huo, Bora Lim, Amanda L Rinkenbaugh, Jason B White, Elizabeth E Ravenberg, Xingzhi Song, Jennifer K Litton, Debu Tripathy and 20 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02276443 (ARTEMIS), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02276443 naactive not recruitingnot on this map

ARTEMIS: A Robust TNBC Evaluation FraMework to Improve Survival

TypeinterventionalSponsorM.D. Anderson Cancer CenterRan2015 to 2026Enrolled798ConditionsInvasive Breast Carcinoma, Stage I Breast Cancer AJCC v7, Stage IA Breast Cancer AJCC v7, Stage IB Breast Cancer AJCC v7ArmsChemotherapy, Immunotherapy, Laboratory Biomarker Analysis, Lymph Node Biopsy, Ultrasonography
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors.

Sahil SethDepartment of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Clinton YamDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Lei HuoDepartment of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Bora LimDepartment of Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Amanda L RinkenbaughDepartment of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Jason B WhiteDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Elizabeth E RavenbergDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Xingzhi SongDepartment of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Jennifer K LittonDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Debu TripathyDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Vicente ValeroDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Senthil DamodaranDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Banu ArunDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Naoto T UenoDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Anthony LucciDepartment of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
Alastair M ThompsonDivision of Surgical Oncology, Section of Breast Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Elizabeth A MittendorfDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Gaiane M RauchDivision of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Beatriz AdradaDivision of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Rosalind P CandelariaDivision of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Qingqing DingDepartment of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Reid T PowellCenter for Translational Cancer Research, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA.
Nour K AbuhadraDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Jianhua ZhangDepartment of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Andrew FutrealDepartment of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Giulio F DraettaDepartment of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Helen Piwnica-WormsDepartment of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
William F SymmansDepartment of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Jeffrey T ChangDepartment of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. Jeffrey.T.Chang@uth.tmc.edu.
Stacy L MoulderDepartment of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. stacymoulder@hotmail.com.

Funding

Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas RP160710
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSelecting treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains challenging due to its high molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity. To maximize response rates, nearly all patients are treated with an aggressive combination of chemo-immunotherapy. However, since half of patients respond to chemotherapy alone and about a third do not respond at all, the majority of patients would benefit from alternative regimens. Thus, there is a pressing need to better personalize or de-escalate therapy using response-based biomarkers.

methodsTo address this need, we conducted the ARTEMIS randomized trial (NCT02276443) to test whether a molecular classifier could predict response to treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone in early-stage TNBC, and to understand the correlates of response.

resultsThis study found that integrating a molecular classifier did not result in a statistically significant improvement in responses to doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC), which increased from 33% pCR to 41% (p = 0.43). To identify more robust correlates of response, we found that the strongest predictors were related to the immune system. Using immune cell markers, tumors could be categorized into three subtypes linked to chemoresponse, "immune hot sensitive," "immune hot resistant," and "immune cold." Notably, 50% of the immune hot tumors exhibited a pathological complete response, compared to only 8% of the immune cold tumors. The immune cold tumors represented a group of TNBC tumors characterized by chemoresistance, a mesenchymal phenotype, and signatures of FGF and TGF-β signaling, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies. Among the immune hot tumors, the sensitive subtype showed a stronger immune response and distinct spatial organization between cancer and immune cells compared to the resistant subtype despite their largely similar gene expression profiles.

conclusionsThese data indicate that the immune contexture is a critical factor in the response to AC chemotherapy and provides a framework for selecting more effective and less toxic therapies for patients with TNBC.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02276443 2014-10-24.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsBiomarkers, TumorCyclophosphamideDoxorubicinFemaleHumansMiddle AgedNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm StagingPathologic Complete ResponsePrognosisTreatment OutcomeBiomarkers, TumorCyclophosphamideDoxorubicinChemoresistanceTranscriptomicsTriple-negative breast cancer

Identifiers

PMID42093035
PMCPMC13321644

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.