ArticleTropical medicine and health2026
Nasal carriage and antimicrobial resistance of coagulase-negative staphylococci among male healthcare trainees in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Tropical medicine and health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCoagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are increasingly recognized as clinically relevant colonizers in healthcare settings; however, their nasal carriage patterns and antimicrobial resistance profiles remain under-characterized, particularly among healthcare trainees. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, species distribution, clinical associations, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of CoNS among male healthcare trainees in Southwestern Saudi Arabia.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 249 male healthcare trainees at King Khalid University. Nasal swabs were collected and cultured, with bacterial identification performed using the BD Phoenix™ M50 automated system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using disk diffusion in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between colonization, clinical symptoms, and medical history.
resultsStaphylococcus epidermidis was the predominant species (64.3%). Recent antibiotic use was inversely associated with S. epidermidis carriage (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.24-0.70) and positively associated with Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii carriage (OR 11.08; 95% CI 3.21-38.31). Staphylococcus warneri showed associations with halitosis (OR 416.25) and runny nose (OR 32.3); however, these estimates had extremely wide confidence intervals due to small sample sizes and should be interpreted as exploratory findings. Resistance profiles varied by species, with S. warneri exhibiting the highest resistance to methicillin markers (37.5%), while all CoNS isolates remained susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid.
conclusionHealthcare trainees harbor diverse CoNS species with distinct clinical and resistance profiles. The predominance of S. epidermidis alongside the presence of resistant non-epidermidis CoNS species, particularly S. warneri, highlights the clinical relevance of these organisms beyond their traditional classification as benign colonizers. These findings underscore the importance of considering CoNS in surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship efforts within clinical training environments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.