ArticleBMC oral health2026
Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of oral Candida colonization and infection in β-thalassemia major patients.
Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPatients with β-thalassemia major often have immune dysfunctions that heighten their risk of oral Candida colonization and infection. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of oral Candida, including Candida albicans and non-Candida albicans, and evaluate their antifungal susceptibility profiles.
methodsA total of 270 patients were enrolled, and oral swabs were collected from the gums, teeth, tongue, palate, and cheek mucosa. Species identification was performed by combined phenotypic characteristics (CHROM agar Candida) and molecular assay (PCR-RFLP and sequencing), and antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by CLSI M38 broth microdilution.
resultsA study of 270 patients revealed that 17 (6.29%) had oral candidiasis, and 22 (8.14%) showed Candida colonization. The most common species were Candida albicans (52.38%), Pichia kudriavzevii (38.09%), and Nakaseomyces glabratus (9.52%). In colonization cases, the predominant species were C. albicans (92%) and P. kudriavzevii (8%). Notably, multidrug-resistant C. auris was absent. Voriconazole and ketoconazole were the most effective antifungals, while nystatin and fluconazole had lower efficacy.
conclusionThe increasing use of prophylactic antifungal agents, together with emerging resistance among Candida species, underscores the importance of early detection and effective management of fungal infections in high-risk populations such as patients with ß-thalassemia. Regular oral examinations and the use of reliable diagnostic methods are essential for timely identification and treatment. Although multidrug-resistant Candida isolates have not yet been reported in this group, continued surveillance remains crucial for infection control within healthcare settings. Further research is needed to clarify the epidemiology of fungal colonization and infection in ß-thalassemia patients and to determine the clinical significance of isolating these organisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.