Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42092564›Full record

ReviewAlcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)2026

Impact of alcohol on gut microbial metabolism and the gut-liver-brain axis.

Linton Freund, Berenice Ramirez Leal, Cynthia L Hsu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Linton FreundDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Berenice Ramirez LealDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Cynthia L HsuDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: c6hsu@ucsd.edu.

Funding

San Diego Digestive Diseases Research CenterP30DK120515 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Bernd G. Schnabl · 2019 to 2026
$10.8M
Multidisciplinary Research Training in Digestive Physiology and DiseasesT32DK142622 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI LARS ECKMANN, ROHIT LOOMBA · 2025 to 2026
$738k
Role of gut microbial ethanol production in alcohol use disorder and alcohol-associated liver diseaseR00AA031328 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Cynthia Li-Shin Hsu · 2025 to 2026
$497k
NIAAA NIH HHS R00 AA031328NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK120515NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK142622
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The gut microbiome includes a large and diverse microbial community that plays a central role in host health, supported by an extensive genomic repertoire that is distinct from and complementary to mammalian enzymatic pathways. Alcohol consumption disrupts this ecosystem, inducing microbial dysbiosis and altering functional interactions between the host and its gut bacteria that can lead to systemic effects. In this review, we examine how alcohol affects gut bacteria, and how these changes impair essential bacterial functions, including short-chain fatty acid production, mucin metabolism, biofilm formation, and bile acid metabolism, that support intestinal, liver, and brain health. We further describe how certain gut bacteria tolerate or produce ethanol, and how these traits contribute to the systemic harms associated with alcohol-induced dysbiosis. Finally, we highlight therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting ethanol-tolerant or ethanol-producing bacteria as potential avenues for preventing or mitigating intestinal inflammation, liver injury, and other metabolic disorders.

Indexed as

Alcohol DrinkingBrainEthanolGastrointestinal MicrobiomeLiverAnimalsDysbiosisHumansEthanol

Identifiers

PMID42092564
PMCPMC13335792

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.