Integrating UTAUT and TTF models with personal innovativeness to examine smart home appliance adoption for sustainable consumption.

Smart home appliances are pivotal for advancing energy efficiency and environmental sustainability; however, their widespread adoption faces complex psychological and functional barriers. This study investigates the key determinants of consumers' continuous usage intentions by integrating the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and the Task-Technology Fit (TTF) model. To comprehensively capture consumer behavior, the theoretical framework is extended to incorporate trust, perceived source credibility, and personal innovativeness. Utilizing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), data collected from 1,919 consumers in Taiwan were analyzed. The empirical results demonstrate that both task and technology characteristics significantly enhance TTF. Consequently, a higher TTF positively influences performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions. Furthermore, trust and perceived source credibility serve as critical antecedents to performance expectancy, while personal innovativeness significantly strengthens both TTF and usage intentions. Notably, performance and effort expectancies positively drive usage intentions; conversely, facilitating conditions exert a negative impact, and social influence demonstrates no significant effect in this context. This study offers robust theoretical contributions by synthesizing the UTAUT and TTF frameworks and provides actionable insights for practitioners and policymakers to promote smart home adoption and support sustainability objectives.