Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42090464›Full record

ArticleThe Gerontologist2026

Caregivers with poorer health are less likely to engage in an intervention to prepare for their own health care emergency.

Kris F Wain, Andrea E Daddato, Blythe Dollar, James Lagrotteria, Heather M Young, Anna Satake, Chan Zeng, Rebecca S Boxer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Gerontologist, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kris F WainInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States.
Andrea E DaddatoInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States.
Blythe DollarInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States.
James LagrotteriaInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States.
Heather M YoungFamily Caregiver Institute, Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States.
Anna SatakeFamily Caregiver Institute, Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States.
Chan ZengInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States.
Rebecca S BoxerInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-3715-616X

Funding

Alzheimer's Association Grant-Advancing Research on Care and Outcome MeasuresARCOM-22-877685
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesPreparation for an unexpected caregiver health event may improve outcomes for spouses with dementia. Using the patient activation framework, this study examined characteristics of spousal caregivers who did and did not accept an offer for an emergency preparedness toolkit (EPT), a low-touch intervention designed to help caregivers prepare for their own unexpected health event. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsCaregivers were linked to spouses with dementia and invited to request the EPT. Pre-exposure characteristics were measured during the 12-months preceding the EPT invitation date; post-exposure measures were captured during the 6-months after invitation. Multivariable logistic regression estimated associations between caregiver characteristics and EPT request, reported as marginal effects expressed in percentage point (pp) differences. Chi-square tests compared post-exposure measures by EPT request.

resultsWe identified 1,062 eligible caregivers; 489 (46%) requested the EPT and 573 (54%) did not. Each additional chronic condition in the caregiver was associated with a 2.7pp decrease in EPT request. A caregiver hospitalization was associated with a 12.2pp decrease. Post-exposure analyses estimated caregivers not requesting the EPT were 1.9pp more likely to be hospitalized and discharged to a skilled-nursing-facility, and 1.9pp more likely to die during follow-up. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Spousal caregivers with poorer health were less likely to respond to an offer to prepare for their own health event. Yet, caregivers at higher risk for health events may be most in need of emergency preparedness. As reliance on spousal caregivers grows, interventions that better balance caregivers' self-care with responsibilities for a spouse with dementia may strengthen preparedness and improve health outcomes for both partners.

Indexed as

CaregiversDementiaEmergenciesHealth StatusSpousesAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedDementiaHospitalizationsSpousal Dyads

Identifiers

PMID42090464
PMCPMC13283474

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.