Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42089634›Full record

ReviewJournal of traumatic stress2026

State of the Science: The epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Michelle Flesaker, Rachel Slimovitch, Brian Shiner, Jennifer A Sumner, Jaimie L Gradus

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of traumatic stress, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Michelle FlesakerDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3066-4505
Rachel SlimovitchDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Brian ShinerVA Vermont Healthcare System, White River Junction, Vermont, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1623-8841
Jennifer A SumnerDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-7171
Jaimie L GradusDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Funding

Evidence-based Treatment for PTSD and Cardiovascular Disease RiskR01HL176899 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Jaimie L. Gradus, Brian Shiner · 2025 to 2026
$1.4M
NHLBI NIH HHS 5R01HL176899-02NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL176899
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition with widespread effects on mental and physical health and mortality. In this paper, we present the current state of research on the epidemiology of PTSD, including its prevalence, risk factors, and impact. The U.S. lifetime prevalence of PTSD is estimated to be 6.1%-8.3%, and the global prevalence is estimated at 3.9%. PTSD prevalence has been consistently found to be higher among certain subgroups, including women and military veterans. Risk factors for PTSD include pretrauma variables, preexisting mental health conditions, sociodemographic characteristics, and features of the traumatic event itself. Consequences of PTSD include effects on psychiatric comorbidity, physical health conditions, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Points of consideration and challenges affecting the study of PTSD epidemiology are noted, including debates on specifying a trauma criterion for diagnosis, the validity of complex PTSD as a diagnosis, and the dearth of recent population-based longitudinal data to understand this disorder. Suggestions for future research and clinical implications are discussed.

Indexed as

Stress Disorders, Post-TraumaticComorbidityFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceRisk FactorsUnited StatesVeterans

Identifiers

PMID42089634
PMCPMC13296909

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.