Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42089368›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2026

Genomic Surveillance of Human Metapneumovirus in the United States, 2010-2025.

Emily E Bendall, William J Fitzsimmons, Weronika Damek Valvano, Rachel Truscon, Wesley H Self, Natasha Halasa, James D Chappell, Yuwei Zhu, Basmah Safdar, Adit A Ginde and 27 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

37 authors.

Emily E BendallDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2524-088X
William J FitzsimmonsDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Weronika Damek ValvanoDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0414-4445
Rachel TrusconDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8512-2538
Wesley H SelfVanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research and Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9300-3045
Natasha HalasaDepartment of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
James D ChappellDepartment of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Yuwei ZhuDepartment of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9849-1634
Basmah SafdarDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9640-7133
Adit A GindeDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Ithan D PeltanDepartment of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, USA.
Manjusha GaglaniDepartment of Medicine, Baylor, Scott, and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.
Cristie ColumbusDepartment of Medicine, Baylor, Scott, and White Health, Dallas, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5859-4786
Nathan I ShapiroDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Kevin W GibbsDepartment of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5272-2289
David N HagerDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5148-4872
Matthew E PrekkerDepartments of Emergency Medicine and Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Amira MohamedDepartment of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NewYork, New York, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-8381-1265
Nicholas J JohnsonDepartments of Emergency Medicine and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9915-0591
Jay S SteingrubDepartment of Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
Akram KhanDepartment of Medicine, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3091-632X
Abhijit DuggalDepartment of Critical Care, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4220-2359
Jennifer G WilsonDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4254-8475
Nida QadirDepartment of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7791-049X
Laurence W BusseDepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6564-5200
Jennie H KwonDepartment of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Matthew C ExlineDepartment of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6797-158X
Ivana A VaughnDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Jarrod M MosierDepartments of Emergency Medicine and Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5371-0845
Estelle S HarrisDepartment of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-1719-6187
Fatimah S DawoodCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Kevin C MaCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4326-2911
Diya SurieCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Arnold S MontoDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3018-435X
Emily T MartinDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Adam S LauringDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2906-8335
Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network

Funding

NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response: Universal Influenza Vaccine Research Activities75N93021C00015 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HENSLEY, SCOTT · 2021 to 2025
$50.7M
The Michigan Infectious Disease Genomics (MIDGE) CenterU19AI181767 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LAURING, ADAM · 2024 to 2024
$6.2M
Household Studies of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - Supplement: EV D68 SurveillanceR01AI097150 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MONTO, ARNOLD S, OHMIT, SUZANNE · 2012 to 2015
$2.0M
Measuring and Learning from Care Variation in SepsisR35GM151147 · NIGMS · IHC HEALTH SERVICES, INC. · PI Ithan Daniel Peltan · 2023 to 2026
$1.5M
Household Studies of Influenza and Other Respiratory VirusesR56AI097150 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI GORDON, AUBREE L, MONTO, ARNOLD S · 2016 to 2016
$574k
CDC 75D30122C14944HHS 75N93021C00015JG CDC HHS R01AI097150JG CDC HHS R56AI097150JG CDC HHS U01IP000474JG CDC HHS U01IP001034JG CDC HHS U18IP000170National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases U19AI181767NCIRD CDC HHS U01 IP000474NCIRD CDC HHS U01 IP001034NCIRD CDC HHS U18 IP000170NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI097150NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI097150NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI181767NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM151147NIH HHS 75N93021C00015
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a significant cause of acute respiratory illness in both children and adults, yet its genomic epidemiology remains understudied compared to other respiratory viruses.

methodsHybrid capture and whole-genome sequencing were performed on 616 HMPV-positive specimens from 2 cohorts: the household-based HIVE study (2010-2022) in Michigan and the multicenter IVY network (2022-2025) of hospitalized adults. Consensus sequences were generated using IRMA, clades were annotated using Nextclade, and phylogenetic trees were constructed separately for HMPV-A and HMPV-B using IQ-TREE and TreeTime. Analysis of selection by dN/dS was performed using SLAC.

resultsWe obtained complete genomes from 325 specimens. Our analyses revealed the continued predominance of the A2.2.2 clade and little geographic structure in the United States. Genomic diversity was highest in the glycoprotein (G); we identified a shift from variants bearing the 180nt duplication to ones with a 111nt duplication. Phylogenetic analyses supported the duplication-deletion model for the origin of the duplications. The conserved fusion (F) protein showed limited antigenic variation and low rates of nonsynonymous substitutions.

conclusionsThese findings underscore the utility of enhanced genomic surveillance for understanding HMPV evolution and informing vaccine development. There was little genomic diversity in vaccine-targeted epitopes.

Indexed as

Genome, ViralMetapneumovirusParamyxoviridae InfectionsAdultFemaleGenetic VariationGenomicsHumansMalePhylogenyUnited StatesWhole Genome Sequencingantigenic driftevolutiongenomicshuman metapneumovirus

Identifiers

PMID42089368
PMCPMC13600370

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.