Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42089151›Full record

Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2026

Insights Into the Natural History of Recurrent Myocarditis, A Multicenter International Study (Re-Myo Study).

Chiara Baggio, Antonio Cannata, Alessio Gasperetti, Enrico Ammirati, Piero Gentile, Giovanni Peretto, Giulio Savonitto, Annagrazia Cecere, Valentino Collini, Maurits Sikking and 22 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

Chiara BaggioCentre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste Trieste Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3075-5813
Antonio CannataKing's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences London United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-7609-6297
Alessio GasperettiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3432-070X
Enrico AmmiratiDe Gasperis Cardio Center and Transplant Center, Niguarda Hospital Milan Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1676-5257
Piero GentileDe Gasperis Cardio Center and Transplant Center, Niguarda Hospital Milan Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3360-3548
Giovanni PerettoSan Raffaele Hospital and Vita Salute University Milan Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1815-4000
Giulio SavonittoCentre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste Trieste Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6324-9821
Annagrazia CecereDepartment of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua Padua Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5587-1215
Valentino ColliniDepartment of Medicine, University of Udine and Cardiothoracic Department University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, ASUFC Udine Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0008-4630
Maurits SikkingDepartment of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-8165-6631
Raffaella MistrulliCardiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital Rome Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7218-9891
Erika PagannoneCardiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital Rome Italy.ORCID 0009-0008-4695-9440
Valentina A RossiUniversity Heart Centre Zurich Department of Cardiology Zurich Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-9235-6597
Dörthe SchmidtUniversity Heart Centre Zurich Department of Cardiology Zurich Switzerland.
Paolo CompagnucciCardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, Marche University Hospital Ancona Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1924-6548
Michela CasellaDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospital Ospedali Riuniti Ancona Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5322-1742
Jessica ArticoBarts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield London, United Kingdom; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London London United Kingdom.
Michele CiabattiCardiovascular Department, San Donato Hospital Arezzo Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4303-4537
Enrico FabrisCentre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste Trieste Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9458-0736
Martina Perazzolo MarraDepartment of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua Padua Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7645-6993
Maurizio PieroniCardiovascular Department, San Donato Hospital Arezzo Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6830-4292
Daniel I BromageKing's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences London United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-4243-5964
Paul A ScottKing's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences London United Kingdom.ORCID 0009-0002-3044-5986
Ardan M SagunerUniversity Heart Centre Zurich Department of Cardiology Zurich Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-1896-0803
Job A J VerdonschotDepartment of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5549-1298
Saidi MohiddinBarts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield London, United Kingdom; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London London United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-1031-4084
Leonardo CaloDivision of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino Rome Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6062-5286
Massimo ImazioDepartment of Medicine, University of Udine and Cardiothoracic Department University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, ASUFC Udine Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5722-0245
Stephane HeymansDepartment of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9477-7803
Gianfranco SinagraCentre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste Trieste Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2700-8478
Merlo MarcoCentre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste Trieste Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1022-3131
Member of ERN Guard Heart Network

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecurrence of acute myocarditis (AM) is challenging. The management and natural history of patients who experience a recurrence of AM (Re-AM) remain poorly characterized. The aim of this study is to investigate clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Re-AM.

methodsIn this international multicenter study, 141 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven or cardiac magnetic resonance-proven Re-AM (35 [26-45] years, 77% male, median left ventricular ejection fraction 55%) were investigated and compared with 372 consecutive patients with single acute myocarditis (S-AM). The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, heart transplant and major ventricular arrhythmias.

resultsPatients with Re-AM had more frequently a family history of cardiomyopathy (19% in Re-AM versus 2.8% in S-AM,

conclusionsRe-AM is a distinct clinical subgroup of AM associated with generally worse prognosis and a specific increased arrhythmic risk compared with S-AM.

Indexed as

MyocarditisAcute DiseaseAdultArrhythmias, CardiacBiopsyFemaleHeart TransplantationHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMagnetic Resonance Imaging, CineMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRecurrenceRisk FactorsStroke Volumecardiac magnetic resonancecardiomyopathymyocarditisprognosisrecurrent

Identifiers

PMID42089151
PMCPMC13279631

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.