ArticleMethodsX2026
Catching a yawn: A multimodal experimental protocol for investigating sleepiness under visual and auditory yawning stimuli featuring human and digital characters.
Article in MethodsX, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This protocol describes a laboratory-based experimental method for investigating whether exposure to contagious yawning stimuli is associated with measurable changes in subjective and physiological markers of sleepiness. The protocol employs a randomized within-subject crossover design comparing human versus digital character yawning stimuli, each presented with and without auditory cues. The method integrates validated subjective sleepiness assessments with multimodal physiological sensing including cardiovascular, electrodermal, pupillary, thermal, and neural activity measures. This protocol addresses a methodological gap in yawning research by shifting focus from yawning occurrence to downstream sleepiness-related state changes associated with yawning stimuli exposure, while also examining whether digitally presented yawning is comparable to human yawning. Standardized experimental protocol for assessing sleepiness associated with contagious yawning stimuli exposure Integration of subjective measures with multimodal physiological sensing for comprehensive state assessment Direct comparison of yawning stimuli of human versus digital characters.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.