Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42088902›Full record

ArticleResearch and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis2026

Emicizumab prophylaxis vs immune tolerance induction in children with severe hemophilia A and inhibitors: a retrospective comparison of bleeding control, quality of life, and cost.

Zhengping Li, Qianqian Mao, Gang Li, Xiaoling Cheng, Yingzi Zhen, Guoqing Liu, Wanru Yao, Zekun Li, Jialu Zhang, Shuyue Dong and 3 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Zhengping LiHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Qianqian MaoHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Gang LiDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Center National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
Xiaoling ChengDepartment of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Yingzi ZhenHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Guoqing LiuHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Wanru YaoHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Zekun LiHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Jialu ZhangHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Shuyue DongHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Di AiHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Zhenping ChenCell and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
Runhui WuHematology Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University) Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: There is limited evidence directly comparing emicizumab (EMI) prophylaxis and immune tolerance induction (ITI) in children with severe hemophilia A and high-titer inhibitors (SHAcwHTI), particularly bleeding control, quality of life (QoL), and cost. Objectives: This study compared outcomes of EMI vs ITI in SHAcwHTI, focusing on bleeding rates, QoL, and costs. Methods: This single-center retrospective study enrolled SHA children (inhibitor titer ≥5 Bethesda Units/mL), receiving EMI or ITI from January 2020 to December 2024. EMI included loading (initial 4 weeks) and maintenance doses; ITI involved intermediate-dose (factor [F]VIII 100 IU/kg/d) or low-dose (FVIII 50 IU/kg once every other day). Outcomes included annualized bleeding rate (ABR), annualized joint bleeding rate (AJBR), Canadian Hemophilia Outcomes-Kids Life Assessment Tool scores, and medication costs. Results: Among 140 patients (24 in EMI group and 116 in ITI group [40 intermediate-dose ITI and 76 low-dose ITI]), EMI was associated with better bleeding control: median ABR and AJBR were 0 across all observation periods, significantly lower than ITI. For ITI, both ABR and AJBR declined over time but remained higher than those of EMI group. Target joint proportion decreased most markedly in patients receiving EMI (35.7%-0%; Conclusions: EMI prophylaxis was associated with improved bleeding control and QoL while reduced costs compared with ITI, offering a valuable option for SHAcwHTI, prioritizing immediate hemostasis over the long-term goal of inhibitor eradication, especially in resource-limited settings.

Indexed as

Antibodies, BispecificAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedFactor VIIIHemophilia AHemorrhageImmune ToleranceQuality of LifeAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolDrug CostsHumansInfantMaleRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexAntibodies, BispecificAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedemicizumabFactor VIIIChildrenemicizumabimmune tolerance inductioninhibitorssevere hemophilia A

Identifiers

PMID42088902
PMCPMC13137015

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