Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42088495›Full record

Trial reportFrontiers in immunology2026

The case for evaluation of double mutant heat-labile toxin as an adjuvant to improve oral cholera vaccine immunogenicity.

A Louis Bourgeois, Daniel A Scott, Shahida Baqar, David R Tribble, Ann-Mari Svennerholm, Richard I Walker

Abstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

A Louis BourgeoisEnteric Diseases Program, Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI), Bethesda, MD, United States.
Daniel A ScottEnteric Diseases Program, Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI), Bethesda, MD, United States.
Shahida BaqarEnteric Diseases Program, Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI), Bethesda, MD, United States.
David R TribbleEnteric Diseases Program, Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI), Bethesda, MD, United States.
Ann-Mari SvennerholmDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Richard I WalkerCenter for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH, Washington, DC, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cholera has re-emerged as a major global public health threat. Orally administered attenuated or inactivated vaccines offer protection against enteric pathogens such as

Indexed as

Adjuvants, VaccineCholera VaccinesVaccines, InactivatedAdolescentAdultCholeraCholera ToxinEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coliEscherichia coli VaccinesHumansImmunityMiddle AgedAdjuvants, VaccineCholera ToxinCholera VaccinesEscherichia coli VaccinesVaccines, Inactivatedcholera vaccinesenterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccineenterotoxin adjuvantmucosal immunityoral vaccines

Identifiers

PMID42088495
PMCPMC13136174

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.