ArticleInnovation in aging2026
Seasonal variation in temperature and life-space mobility among older adults: a pilot study using mobile health technology.
Article in Innovation in aging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: Extreme outdoor temperatures are known barriers to physical activity and may constrain life-space mobility, the geographic footprint of where people live, work, and recreate, and an important indicator of health and independence among older adults. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of a mobile health (mHealth) app designed to objectively capture life-space and to demonstrate its utility through a downstream analysis of ambient temperature and life-space mobility. Research Design and Methods: Using data collected via an iPhone app from 82 participants in an ongoing cohort study (June 2023-January 2024), we used linear mixed-effects models to examine associations between daily average temperature and 3 objective life-space measures: ellipse area, maximum distance traveled, and total distance traveled. Models were stratified by season and adjusted for relative humidity and sociodemographic covariates. Results: The app successfully captured high-resolution longitudinal mobility data over 2 weeks per participant. There was a significant negative nonlinear association between higher daily average temperature and life-space in the summer. With the peak life-space ellipse area observed at 28.8 °C, for every degree Celsius greater than 28.8 °C, we found a statistically significant decrease in ellipse area by 2.97 km Discussion and Implications: This study demonstrates that mHealth technology is a feasible tool for assessing life-space mobility in older adults. Higher temperatures are associated with lower life-space metrics, highlighting the potential of app-derived metrics as digital biomarkers for mobility research.
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